Chapter 3 - What led to the declaration of independence and what was it's importance?

Question 1

Why did some Americans oppose independence? [1]

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Answer 1

Many American’s saw themselves as a part of Britain. [1]

Question 2

State 2 reasons why hopes of reconciliation with Britain was reduced by 1776. [2]

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Answer 2

George III was also supporting hostilities with America. [1]
Southern support for Britain decreased when Governor Dunmore offered Virginian slaves freedom. [1]

Question 3

Which key pamphlet influenced a push for independence, and who was it written by? [2]

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Answer 3

Thomas Paine [1] - “Common Sense” [1]

Question 4

How many copies did “Common Sense” sell? [1]

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Answer 4

120,000 copies. [1]

Question 5

State 2 quotes which suggest that Thomas Paine supported independence. [2]

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Answer 5

“Reconciliation is now a fallacious dream.” [1]
“The Royal Brute” - Addressing the king. [1]

Question 6

What is the situation in early 1776 with independence? [2]

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Answer 6

Congress needed colonial authorisation to declare independence. [1]
Congress discussed the merits and risks of independence in April 1996. [1]

Question 7

What was the Virginia convention’s resolution? [3]

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Answer 7

• Given by Richard Henry Lee on the 7th June 1766. [1]
• Quotes “that these united colonies are, and of right ought to be, independent states. [1]
• A draft declaration was begun by Thomas Jefferson. [1]

Question 8

Who is John Locke? [2]

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Answer 8

• An English political philosopher. [1]
• Contributed heavily to the European Enlightenment school. [1]

Question 9

How did John Locke’s work influence Thomas Jefferson? [2]

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Answer 9

• Locke’s book “Two Treatises of Goverment”. [1]
• Influenced Thomas Jefferson’s ideas for the Declaration of independence. [1]

Question 10

When did Thomas Jefferson declare independence? [1]

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Answer 10

June 28th 1776 [1]

Question 11

What were the colonies view of independence on the 1st July 1776? [3]

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Answer 11

• Nine colonies voted in favour of independence. [1]
• New York delegates abstained from voting. [1]
• South Carolina + Pennslyvania voted against. [1]

Question 12

When was the Declaration of Independence unanimously agreed upon by all 13 states? [1]

Ref - Page 70

Answer 12

4th July 1776 [1]

Question 13

State 3 key ideas that were included in the Declaration of Independence. [3]

Ref - Page 71

Answer 13

• “All men are created equal” - e.g. Slaves are of equal status. [1]
• The theory of “Natural Rights” - All colonists have inherent rights. [1]
• Governments derived “just powers” from the consent of the governed. [1]