Chapter 2 - (How and why did issues of taxation affect relations in 1763-1768?)

Question 1

Why did Britain feel that colonists should be paying taxes to Britain? [1]

Ref - Page 37

Answer 1

Colonists should be paying for Britain’s protection via soldiers. [1]

Question 2

What was the problem with imposing taxes onto colonies? [2]

Ref - Page 37

Answer 2

There was no colonial representation in parliament [1]

“No taxation without representation” [1]

Question 3

What was Grenville’s aim when he introduced his anti-smuggling measures in 1763? [1]

Ref - Page 37 (Anti-Smuggling Legislation)

Answer 3

To reduce smuggling and raise revenue received from trade laws (Trade and Navigations Act etc.) [1]

Question 4

State the 2 measures which Grenville imposed with his anit-smuggling measures. [2]

Ref - Page 37 (Anti-Smuggling Legislation)

Answer 4

Colonial custom officials had to live in America and carry out their duties in America. [1]

All cases of smuggling were passed to a court in Nova Scotia, where only the judge would decide the verdict. [1]

Question 5

What was the aim of Grenville’s Sugar Act in 1764? [2]

Ref - Page 37 - (The Sugar Act 1764)

Answer 5

Reduce the duties on molasses and sugar from 6d to 3d per gallon. [1]
To strictly enforce the act, to earn approximately £78,000 per year. [1]

Question 6

State 2 reasons why there was virtually no opposition to the Sugar Act [2]

Ref - Page 37 - (The Sugar Act 1764)

Answer 6

The Act primarily affected New England colonies [1]
Only 5 Americans sat in the Commons between 1763 and 1783. [1]

Question 7

What was the aim of the Currency Act in 1764? [2]

Ref - Page 38

Answer 7

To eliminate the use and distribution of paper money, [1] in colonies such as Virginia. [1]

Question 8

How did the Currency Act affect the economic situation in colonies? [1]

Ref - Page 38

Answer 8

The deflation caused by removing paper money threatened bankruptcy in colonies. [1]

Question 9

What was the aim of the Stamp Act, and when was it passed? [2]

Ref - Page 38

Answer 9

A tax placed on legal documents, and other items such as playing cards. [1]
Passed in March 1765 [1]

Question 10

Grenville announced the Stamp Act a year earlier. Why was this fatal for Britain? [1]

Ref - Page 39

Answer 10

It gave the colonies time to band together to have a mass protest. [1]

Question 11

What were the Virginia Resolves, and who came up with them? [3]

Ref - Page 38

Answer 11

A list of 7 resolves put forward to the Virginian assembly. [1] Only 5 of the 7 were accepted. [1]

Patrick Henry [1]

Question 12

State 2 of the Virginian resolves. [2]

Ref - Page 39

Answer 12

Colonists could only be taxed if they had proper representation. [1]
Colonist had the right to give consent to laws. [1]

Question 13

What was the Stamp Act Congress, and when did it take place? [2]

Ref - Page 39

Answer 13

A congress of 27 delegates from 9 colonies, opposing the Stamp Act. [1]

Took place in June 1765. [1]

Question 14

What was the main idea behind the popular protest? [1]

Ref - Page 39

Answer 14

If all colonies were to unite and protest together, Britain would be forced to repeal. [1]

Question 15

Which 2 groups emerged during the popular protests? [2]

Ref - Page 40

Answer 15

Sons of Liberty [1]
Loyal Nine [1]

Question 16

What event took place during mob action in the colonies? [2]

Ref - Page 40

Answer 16

Effigies of Grenville and Oliver were hung from the Liberty tree [1]. Hutchinson ordered the removal, but the crowd had refused. [1]

Question 17

Why did many British Officials resign during the period of the Stamp Act? [2]

Ref - Page 40

Answer 17

Mobs would regularly attack officials houses, such as Oliver. [1] They resigned as they feared for their lives because of the mob. [1]

Question 18

State 2 factors which suggests that the Sons of Liberty group was not as influential as it seemed. [2]

Ref - Page 40

Answer 18

Limited influence in Southern colonies. [1]
Sons of Liberty were based in urban areas, but only 5% of the population lived in these areas. [1]

Question 19

What was the main reason for the repeal of the Stamp Act? [2]

Answer 19

An economic boycott organised by the Sons of Liberty [1]. New York signed an agreement to not import British goods. [1]

Question 20

When was the Stamp Act Repealed? [1]

Ref - Page 41

Answer 20

March 1766 [1]

Question 21

Which Act was passed after the repeal of the Stamp Act? [1]

What did the Act state? [1]

Answer 21

The Declatory Act [1]

Colonies were subordinate to the crown. Parliament had full authority to make laws. [1]

Question 22

What was the Townshend Duties and when was it passed? [2]

Ref - Page 42