Chapter 3: The prosecution

Question 1

Adversary System

Answer 1

legal system involving a contest b/w 2 opposing parties under a judge

Question 2

prosecutor

Answer 2

aims to prove the defendant committed a crime

Question 3

defense attorney

Answer 3

seeks to show the defendant did not do it

Question 4

rules of criminal procedure

Answer 4

rules established by which a criminal case is conducted

Question 5

ethical code

Answer 5

canons of professional responsibility by professional associations

Question 6

witnesses

Answer 6

eyewitnesses who are examined and cross examined

Question 7

inculpatory evidence

Answer 7

tends to show the guilt of the defendant

Question 8

exculpatory evidence

Answer 8

tends to show the defendants innocence

Question 9

district attorney

Answer 9

city, county, and state prosecutor who are charged with bringing offenders to justice enforcing the laws of the state

Question 10

state’s attorneys

Answer 10

government prosecutors

Question 11

county prosecutor

Answer 11

district attorney of the county level

Question 12

U.S. attorney’s office

Answer 12

chief prosecuting body affiliated with U.S. district court in the federal court system

Question 13

U.S. attorney

Answer 13

official responsible for prosecution of crimes that violate laws of the U.S. Appointed by the President

Question 14

Attorney General

Answer 14

senior U.S. prosecutor in each federal district court

Question 15

Assistant U.S. attorneys (AUSAs)

Answer 15

government prosecutor who are subordinates to the U.S. attorney who heads the prosecutors office for each federal district

Question 16

deponents

Answer 16

Persons who give testimony through a deposition

Question 17

venue

Answer 17

area over which a judge exercises authority to act in an official capacity. Place where a trial is held

Question 18

true bills

Answer 18

grand jury decisions that sufficient evidence exists that a crime has been committed and that a specific suspect committed to it

Question 19

indictments

Answer 19

charges or written accusations found and presented by a grand jury that a particular defendant probably committed a crime

Question 20

criminal informations

Answer 20

written accusations made by a public prosecutor against a person for some criminal offense without an indictment

Question 21

prosecutorial bluffing

Answer 21

attempt by prosecution to bluff the defendant into believing the case is stronger than it really is. Used to elicit a guilty plea from a defendant to avoid trial

Question 22

backdooring hearsay evidence

Answer 22

action by prosecutor where prosecutor comments about or mentions information to the jury is inadmissible in court

Question 23

malicious prosecution

Answer 23

when prosecutors bring charges against the accused with the full knowledge that the accused is innocent of the crime alleged

Question 24

Prosecutorial misconduct

Answer 24

any deliberate action that violates ethical codes or standards governing the role of prosecutors

Question 25

harmless error doctrine

Answer 25

appellate court can affirm the conviction as long as prosecutorial error did not harm the defendant