Chapter 12: Juvenile Courts Adjudication and Disposition Flashcards
transfers
proceedings where the jurisdiction over juvenile offenders shifts from the juvenile court to criminal court
waiver
made by motion, the transfer of jurisdiction over juvenile to a criminal court where the juvenile is subjected to adult crime penalities
adjudication hearing
formal proceeding involving prosecuting attorney and defense attorney where evidence is presented and a juveniles status or condition is determined by the juvenile court judge
adjudication
(The trial process) legal resolution of a dispute; when a juvenile is declared a delinquent or status offender, the matter has been resolved
nominal disposition
Verbal warning
conditional dispositions
Probation
custodial dispositions
Incarceration
nonsecure custody
a facility that emphasizes the care and treatment of youths without the need to place constraints to ensure public protection
secure custody
incarceration of juvenile offender in facility that restricts movement in the community. Similar to an adult penal facility involving total incarceration
foster home
dwelling including family where child is placed
group home
facilities for juveniles that provide limited supervision and support. Juveniles live in homelike environment with other juveniles and participate in therapeutic programs and counseling
camp, ranch
any of several types of similar correctional confinement facilities for adults or juveniles, usually located in rural areas
due process
the right to a fair trial, presumption of innocence until guilt is proven beyond a reasonable doubt.
guardian ad litem
is a person appointed by the court to present a juvenile in pending litigation
judicial waiver
decision by juvenile judge to waive juvenile to jurisdiction of criminal court
prosecutorial waiver
authority of prosecutors in juvenile cases to have those cases transferred to the jurisdiction of criminal courts
direct file
prosecutorial waiver of jurisdiction to a criminal court
discretionary waiver
transfers of juveniles to criminal court by judges at their discretion or in their judgement also known as judicial waivers
legislative waivers
provisions that compel juvenile court to remand certain youths to criminal courts because of specific offenses that have been committed or alleged
automatic waivers
jurisdictional laws that provide for automatic waivers of juveniles to criminal court for processing
statutory exclusion
provisions that automatically exclude certain juveniles and offenses from the jurisdiction of the juvenile courts
mandatory transfer
automatic waiver of certain juveniles to criminal courts on the basis of their age and the seriousness of their offense
demand waiver
request by juveniles to have their cases transferred from juvenile courts to criminal courts
presumptive waiver
type of judicial waiver where burden of proof shifts from the state to juvenile to contest whether youth is transferred to criminal court
once an adult/ always an adult
provision that once a juvenile has been transferred to a criminal court to be prosecuted as an adult, regardless of criminal outcome, juvenile will never be subjected to jurisdiction of juvenile courts
waiver hearing
motioned by prosecutor to transfer juvenile charged with various offenses to a criminal or adult court for prosecution, making it possible to sustain adult criminal penalities
reverse waiver hearing
formal proceedings, usually conducted by a criminal court judge, to determine whether a transferred juvenile should be sent back to be tried for his/ her crimes in juvenile court rather than criminal courts
blended sentencing
any type of sentencing procedure where either a criminal or juvenile court judge can impose both juvenile and/pr adult incarcerative penalties
teen courts
courts where proceedings are conducted by youths who try other youths for non serious misdemeanors
