Chapter 3: Social Construction of the Mind, Sociocultural Influences

Question 1

What is the sociocultural development theory?

Answer 1

What we know and how we develop is because of our culture and social life.

Question 2

Most research has been done on _ societies. What does this stand for?

Answer 2

WEIRD. Western, educated, industrialized, rich and democratic.

Question 3

Weird societies do not necessarily have _ traits.

Answer 3

Universal

Question 4

When was Vygotsky rediscovered?

Answer 4

1980

Question 5

Lev V is known most for the _.

Answer 5

ZPD

Question 6

In ZPD, it matters for children and more _ others.

Answer 6

Competent

Question 7

What are Lev Vygotsky’s four levels?

Answer 7

Phylogenetic, ontogenetic, microgenetic, sociohistorical

Question 8

What does phylogenetic mean?

Answer 8

Individual changes over life

Question 9

What is Ontogenetics?

Answer 9

The persons rapid change through the day

Question 10

WHat is microgenetics?

Answer 10

Evolution

Question 11

What is sociohistorical change?

Answer 11

Change from one gen to the next

Question 12

What are tools of intellectual adaptation?

Answer 12

Methods of thinking that children learn from others who know more than them and which improve the use of basic mental functions.

Question 13

What are the two types of tools of intellectual adaptation?

Answer 13

Physical and symbolic

Question 14

Name a physical cognitive artifact.

Answer 14

Booka, maps, printing computers

Question 15

Name a symbolic/mental cognitive artifact.

Answer 15

Law, logic, reasoning

Question 16

Why do Chinese children have a number advantage (symbolic cog artifact)?

Answer 16

Decades first, base numbers all good after 10

Question 17

What are the two planes in which a person develops culturally?

Answer 17

Interpsych (from person to child)
Intrapsychological (child inside self)

Question 18

How do we learn culture?

Answer 18

Through social exchange

Question 19

How does Vygotsky think we should study children?

Answer 19

In their cultural environments.

Question 20

When adults and kids are segregated, children emulate _ less.

Answer 20

Work

Question 21

What does the ZPD?

Answer 21

Difference between the childs actual level on their own and potential development with adult guidance/peers.

Question 22

What is scaffolding?

Answer 22

Experts sensitive to novices levels, so they teach them how to have an understanding of the problem.

Question 23

What are the main 5 functions of shared remembering? SNSHV

Answer 23

strategies, narritives, self-concept, history, values

Question 24

What moms mainly do shared remembering?

Answer 24

WEIRD

Question 25

What is guided participation?

Answer 25

Adult child communication in every day life. Rubbing off

Question 26

Name three interactions children have with others.

Answer 26

Reading, symbolic play, and play with skilled peers

Question 27

The _ and _ of reading and talking to cxhildren allows for them to be more _ over time.

Answer 27

Frequency and natureAutonomous

Question 28

What is interactive story reading?

Answer 28

Get them to help explain books, understand?

Question 29

What is symbolic play?

Answer 29

Pretending to be someone, and pretending objects are something else.

Question 30

Moms get _ play out of kids more often.

Answer 30

collaborative

Question 31

What is theory of mind? How is it developed?

Answer 31

Advances in thinking, they can make believe and know theyre still theirself

Question 32

What are the two types of selective attention between cultures?

Answer 32

Holistic and analytic

Question 33

Holistic cultures do better on the _ task, where the bar is compared to the whole square.

Answer 33

Relative

Question 34

Analytic cultures do better on the _ task, where you are asked to draw the same line size.

Answer 34

Absolute

Question 35

When do we see the holistic and analytic division of children?

Answer 35

Around 6 years old.

Question 36

What are the two main culture types for guided participation?

Answer 36

segregation and adult contact for most of day.

Question 37

When adults and children are segregated, who shares the cultural information?

Answer 37

Information and instruction shared in school

Question 38

When adults and kids are in contact most of the day, where do children learn culturally relevant information?

Answer 38

Their adults, they see work more and talk less to adults

Question 39

Which is better? child segregation or closeness

Answer 39

Neither! Just different