Chapter 3: Prenatal Development, Birth, and the Newborn Baby

Question 1

Implantation

Answer 1

7-9th day after conception, the blastocyst burrows deep into the uterine lining

Question 2

Amnion

Answer 2

A membrane that encloses the developing organism in amniotic fluid (helps keep the temp of the prenatal world constant and cushion the mom’s movement)

Question 3

Chronion

Answer 3

Surrounds the amnion where tiny blood vessels emerge

Question 4

Placenta

Answer 4

Brings the mother’s blood and the embryos blood closer together to permit food and oxygen to read the organism and waste products to be carried away

Question 5

Umbilical cord

Answer 5

Contains a large vein that delivers blood with nutrients to 2 arteries that remove waste products

Question 6

Embryo

Answer 6

Lasts from implantation through the 8th week of pregnancy (groundwork is laid for body structures and organs)

Question 7

Neural tube

Answer 7

Primitive spinal cord

Question 8

Fetus

Answer 8

9th week, end of pregnancy “growth and finishing” phase, the organism increases rapidly in size

Question 9

Trimesters

Answer 9

3 equal timeperiods denoting prenatal development

Question 10

Vernix

Answer 10

white cheeslike fluid that prevents the fetuses skin from chapping in amniotic fluid

Question 11

Languo

Answer 11

white, downy hair that appears over body and helps vernix stick to skin

Question 12

Age of viability

Answer 12

Point where the baby can first survive (22-26 wks)

Question 13

Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

Answer 13

Encompasses range of physical mental and prenatal outcomes caused by alcohol exposure

1. FAS (slow physical growth, facial abnormalities, brain injury)
2. partial-FAS (2/3 facial abnormalities, brain injury)
3. Alcohol-related neurodevelopmental disorder (3 areas of mental functioning are impaired)

Question 14

Rh factor incompatibility

Answer 14

When woman is Rh-neg and man is Rh-pos, baby is Rh-pos. But woman’s body makes antibodies foreign to Rh-pos proteins destroying baby’s blood cells

Question 15

Teratogens

Answer 15

hard drugs, alcohol, caffeine, infections, scooping cat litter, garden dirt (toxoplasmosis), risky food and water, spouts, sushi, malnutrition, excessive excercise

Question 16

reflex

Answer 16

An inborn automatic response to a form of stimulation

Question 17

States of arousal

Answer 17

degrees of sleep and wakefulness

Question 18

REM sleep

Answer 18

brain-wave activity is similar to waking state, heart rate, blood pressure and breathing rate are uneven

Question 19

NREM sleep

Answer 19

Body is almost motionless, heart rate, breathing and brain wave activity is even

Question 20

Visual activity

Answer 20

Fineness of discrimination

Question 21

Sudden infant death syndrome

Answer 21

unexpected death during night (less than 1 year old) unexplainable