Chapter 3 - Policy Guidance Flashcards
Emergency and humanitarian operations
Naval aircraft operations are authorized in emergencies such as forst fire, search, rescue, major calamities, and for humanitarian reasons involving life-threatening circumstances.
Special Airlift Requirements
- The sole purpose of the flight must be to provide air transportation for the accomplishment of urgent business in the national interest that would suffer if other means of transportation were relied upon.
- The flight must be in the national interest or result in cost savings to the DON.
Assignment of Aircraft to a specific individual
Unless otherwise authorized by SECNAV, no naval aircraft will be assigned to a specific individual nor shall any individual require a specific aircraft or aircraft crew be made available for exclusive use. This does not preclude the display of pilot, crew, and support personnel names on aircraft.
Aircraft of other services
Naval aviators may fly aircraft of other services provided the other service has no objections.
Civilian LEOs
Embarkation of civilian LEOs is authorized for helicopter, tiltrotor, and non-ejection seat aircraft. Authority to approve flights may be delegated to numbered fleet commanders and type commanders.
LEO personnel authorized should comply with the aeromedical and survival training requirement.
Non-Essential Flights
The use of aircraft for non-essential flights shall not be authorized. Any flight open to misinterpretation by the public shall be avoided.
1. Flights of a routine business nature for which commercial or other military transportation could be more economically substituted.
2. Flights for any officer or group of officers, the sole purpose of which is the convenience and/or prestige of the officers concerned and not the performance of official duties or accomplishment of bona fide training.
3. Repeated flights to the hometown area of flight personnel concerned.
4. Flights coinciding with major sporting events or civic celebrations.
Personnel Authorized to pilot naval aircraft
Regular and reserve personnel under appropriate orders to duty in a flying status.
1. Naval Aviators of the navy and marine corps
2. Coast guard aviators
3. students undergoing authorized courses of instruction
4. Rated pilots of the air force and air force reserve.
5. army and army reserve aviators
6. rated pilots of the ANG and NG.
7. Aeromedical dual designators
8. Aviation Qualified FAO.
Helicopter Taxi
No one shall be permitted to taxi a helicopter except those personnel who are authorized to fly helicopters.
Civilian Personnel
DOD civilians, and contractors to DOD are authorized as flightcrew when required in conjunction with assigned duties or contractual responsibilities.
Foreign military personnel
Subject to security provisions in existing directives, physically and professionally qualified personnel of foreign nations may be authorized to perform crew duties in naval aircraft that is in the best interest of official DOD business.
Orientation Flights- Paragraph
- Orientation flights are typically one-time events for selected participants in a particular model aircraft. Orientation flight status shall not be used to circumvent normal training requirements. Orientation flights for midshipmen participating in official training programs are an execption and may involve multiple flights.
Purpose of orientation flight
- To familiarize them with an aircraft, its operation, capabilities, requirements, concept of employment, or limitations.
- To familiarize them with a base complex from the air for official purposes other than merely sight seeing or goodwill.
- To allow FAA personnel to perform official functions that require their infrequent embarkation on naval aircraft.
- To perform other military duties not assigned to the flight crew.
Authorization of orientation flights
Unit commanding officers may authorize flights for active duty military personnel in aircraft not equipped with ejection seats and/or personal oxygen systems.
Eligible Participants for orientation flights - AFUUPFUFF
- Active duty and reserve personnel when flights would materially improve job performance and are in the best interest of the Navy and/or Marine Corps.
- Federal and local government officials, foreign officials, members of congress and their staff, and civilian contractors when flights would materially improve job performance and are in the best interest of the Navy and/or Marine Corps.
- U.S. legislators, senior government executives, white house staff personnel, and legislative staff personnel when flights are coordinated through the white house military office, office of legislative affairs, the DOD or host service compartment.
- U.S citizens who can make positive contributions to the public understanding of the roles and missions of the Navy and/or Marine Corps.
- Personnel who, because of their group affiliation, are authorized orientation flights by seperate directives.
- FAA employees ( engaged in flight checking local military air traffic control procedures and facilities, in the evaluation or examination of rated aircrew personnel, approved military familiarization flights).
- US Ambassadors or their senior deputies, within overseas theaters, when invited by the overseas unified or component commander.
- Foreign personnel, either military or civilian, for scientific research, development, test, and evaluation
- Foreign military personnel during the course of bilateral or multinational operations or exercises.
Orientation Flight Prerequisites
- All personnel shall receive an appropriate physical screening or examination.
- Completion of NASTP is mandatory unless waived.
- For Aeronautically designated personnel, the appropriate non-aircrew NASTP training shall be required.
- Civilian personnel and military non-aviators shall complete appropriate non-aircrew NASTP training
- All midshipmen shall complete appropriate midshipmen non-aircrew NASTP training.
- Non-DOD personnel are required to sign an Air Transportation Agreement.
- Prior to approval of flight by foreign nationals involving access to classified or controlled unclassified information, permission for disclosure shall be obtained from the Direction of Naval Intelligence.
- Parent/legal guardian approval in writing required for anyone under 18 years of age
Orientation Flight Briefing
- Orientees shall be briefed on any information that may be pertinent for their safety and comfort, each item should be fully explained to avoid apprehension or confusion.
- Orientees occupying flight personnel positions shall be briefed on procedures, controls, and instrumentation.
Orientation Flight limitations
- Only highly qualified flight personnel shall be selected to conduct orientation flights.
- All orientation flights shall be conducted within the local flying are and terminate at the point of origin.
- Orientation flights involving third-nation nationals into or over foreign countries will not be approved unless confirmation of entry and/or overflight clearance has been recieved.
- Except for flights with FAA personnel, orientation flights shall be performed only during daylight and with weather minimums equal to or better than VFR.
- FAA examiners shall not be permitted to pilot an aircraft without assigned NAvy or Marine Corps pilot in command.
- Formation flying shall not be performed unless required.
- Orientation flights in high-performance jet aircraft shall not be approved except when integral to the flight purpose.
- orientation flights from an aircraft carrier are strongly discouraged because of additional hazards.
- An aircraft in the naval inventory shall not be used in support of Foreign Military Sales unless leased.
- Flights shall be conducted at no additional cost, not to interfere basis
- Orientation flights may not include where a record attempt is made, first flight is made on an aircraft accepted into the inventory, over an isolated geographic area, or any other special nature where abnormal conditions may exist.
- Individuals occupying a seat with flight controls during an orientation flight are permitted to fly the aircraft during non-critical phases of flight as determined by the pilot-in-command, in accordance with command policy.
Embarkation of passengers (helicopter specific)
- No person shall be enplaned as a passenger not shall any cargo be embarked on a naval aircraft unless authorization has been granted by competent authority in accordance with applicable directives. Reporting custodians for helicopters may authorize personnel to be embarked as passengers. This authority may be delegated to detachment OIC when deployed or embarked.
- Helicopter and tiltrotor passenger flights at night are authorized subject to following restrictions
4a. ship launches and recoveries shall be made during daylight hours. This constraint may be waved by Strike Group Commander, Amphib Squadron Commander, MAGTF Commander, or OTC in cases of operational necessity.
4b. In case of MEDEVAC, a qualified medical attendant who is current in approved water survival training (non-aircrew underwater emergency egress as a min) and has been properly briefed on emergency egress procedures, may be transfered at night with approval of ships commanding officer.
4c. This does not preclude troop movement in support of amphibious exerecises, VBSS level 3 operations, or SPECOPS training and operational missions. - The pilots in command/mission commanders of naval aircraft (when abscent from home unit) may authorize air transportation for personnel and/or equipment not otherwise qualified for air transport when required for successful prosecution of a SAR mission, MEDEVAC, or diaster relief. This shall only be exercised when all practical means of obtaining authorization from competent authority in accordance with appolcable directives are unsuccessful / unavailable.
Pilot in Command Paragraph
The pilot in command is responsible for the safe, orderly conduct of the flight of the aircraft and well-being of the crew. The pilot in command may also be the mission commander or formation leader when so designated. A pilot shall not be pilot in command unless the pilot has at least 2 takeoffs and landings and logged 5 hours of pilot time in the same model aircraft within preceding 90 days.
The authority and responsibility of the pilot in command shall not be transferred in flight. It shall not be transferred to another individual except as required by emergency, operationally necessity, or as directed by the commanding officer of the unit to which the aircraft is attached. The authority and responsibility of a pilot in command is independent of rank or seniority in relation to other persons participating in the mission or flight except for the following.
Officer in Tactical Command Embarked
Wing, group, or squadron commander, if embarked on a mission involving an aircraft of their command, retains full authority and responsibility regarding command, including the mission in which participating.
Flag or General Officer embarked
The pilot in command of an aircraft with a flag or general officeer eligible for command at sea or in the field embarked as a passenger shall be subject to the orders of such flag or general officer in accordance with US Navy Regulations. When such an embarked passenger exercises authority to command the aircraft, that passenger thereby assumes full responsibility for the safe and orderly conduct of the flight. The embarked passenger shall give due consideration to the judgement of the pilot in command regarding items of flight safety such as hazaardous weather and aircraft/crew limitations. Flying rule violations, accident reports, and any other actions arising out of the flight will be referred to the embarked passenger as the responsible commander of the aircraft.
Flight Control Station
The pilot in command shall occupy a flight control station during critical phases of flight.
Formation Leader
A formation leader is authorized to pilot naval aircraft. the formation leader is responsible for the safe and orderly conduct of the formation.
Mission Commander
Shall be a properly qualified naval aviator or NFO. The mission commander shall be responsible for all phases of the assigned mission except in those aspects of safety of flight that are related to the physical control of the aircraft and fall within the prerogatives of the pilot in command.
Crew Resource Management
The objective of CRM is to integrate the instruction of specifically defined behavioral skills throughout Naval and Marine Aviation training, and to integrate effective application of these behavioral skills into operational procedures wherever appropriate.
Define - The use of specifically defined behavioral skills as an integral part of every flight to improve mission effectiveness by minimizing crew preventable errors, maximizing crew coordination, and optimizing risk management.
CRM Skills
Decision Making
Assertiveness
Mission Analysis
Communication
Leadership
Adaptability/Flexibility
Situational Awareness
Decision Making
The ability to choose a course of action using logical and sound judgement
Assertiveness
An individuals willingness to actively participate, state, and maintain a position until convinced by the facts that other options are better
Mission Analysis
The ability to develop short-term, long-term and contingency plans and to coordinate, allocate, and monitor crew and aircraft resources.
Communication
The ability to clearly and accurately send and acknowledge information, instructions, or commands, and provide useful feedback. Effective communication is vital to ensure that all crewmembers understand aircraft and mission status.
Leadership
The ability to direct and coordinate the activities of other crewmembers or wingmen, and to encourage the crew to work together as a team.
Adaptability/Flexibility
The ability to alter a course of action based on new information, and adapt to internal and external environment changes
Situation Awareness
The degree of accuracy by which ones perception of the current environment mirrors reality. Maintaining a high level of SA will better prepare crews to respond to unexpected situations.
ORM
is a systematic decision making process to identify and manage hazards that endanger naval resources.
Define - the process of dealing with the risk associated with military operations, which include risk assessment, risk decision making and implementation of effective risk controls.
ORM Process
Identify Hazards
Asses Hazards
Make risk decisions
Implement Controls
Supervise
ORM levels
Time Critical - A quick mental review when time does not allow for any more
Deliberate - Experience and brainstorming to identify hazards
In-Depth - More substantial tools are used to thoroughly study the hazards and their associated risks
ORM 4 Principles
Accept risk when benefits outweigh the costs
Accept no unnecessary risks
Anticipate and mitigate risk by planning
Make risk decisions at the right level
FCF Crew composition
Shall be conducted with the minimum crew for safe flight. All flight personnel shall be fully qualified in accordance with this instruction and the applicable NATOPS manual.
Passengers shall not be carried
The PIC shall be designated in writing by the commanding officer as a FCP
FCF Weather Criteria
FCFs should be conducted during daylight hours within the local flying area in VMC.
If necessary, unit commanders may authorize checkflights under other conditions, with an acceptable safety margin. The authority shall not be delegated.
Those portions of the flights that are considered critical shall be conducted in the vicinity of a suitbale landing area.
Flight violation
Lack of intent does not in itself constitute absence of culpability. The question is whether the pilot in command or the formation leader could reasonably have been expected to avoid the violation.
The authority to issue a flight violation lies solely with CNO
Names are released only by the CNO.
May furnish only factual information, shall not contain any conjectures, assumptions, or hearsay.
Cross Country Planning
Any flight that either does not remain in the local flying area, or remains in the local flying area and terminates at a facility other than home military facility. Excluded are flights established by operational commitments or official business.
XC flights fill a void
Commanding Officers must ensure these flights contribute to the mission of the command and naval service, achieve training requirements and can be completed safely.
Terminal Instrument Procedures
Except when this is requirement is waived for flight in support of nonstandard operations, aircrews flying passenger or troop carrying aircraft shall not fly an instrument approach that has not been validated as safe and accurate per the following table.
Nonstandard Operation
When an urgent requirement exists to fly a short notice mission in support of humanitarian, contingency, MEDEVAC, special access or state department requirement. Commanders exercising Operational Control are responsible for mission risk assessment.
ASAP program / submission requirements
ASAP is an information management process to identify errors, potential precursors to mishaps and improve operational efficiency.
ASAP is a complement to existing safety programs.
It is the responsibility of PIC/Mission Commander/Flight lead to ensure a flight debrief is conducted and to ensure ASAP reports are ASAPs are reported for any identified hazards
It is the responsibility of squadron members to submit additional reports for all issues which impacted the safe and orderly conduct of the mission.
Airfield vehicular traffic
Local rules shall be established which minimize vehicle traffic in movement areas. Unnecessary vehicle traffic on the airfield is a safety hazard.
