Chapter 3: Perception, Motion, & Action Flashcards
He was a physicist who made important contributions to fields as diverse as thermodynamics, nerve physiology, visual perception, and aesthetics.
He also invented the ophthalmoscope.
Hermann von Helmholtz.
This states that we perceive the object that is most likely to have caused the pattern of stimuli we have received.
Likelihood Principle.
A process in which our perceptions are the result of unconscious assumptions, or inferences, that we make about the environment.
Unconscious inference.
These are regularly occurring physical properties of the environment.
Physical regularities.
The idea that we usually assume that light is coming from above, because light in our environment, including the sun and most artificial light, usually comes from above.
Light-from-above assumption.
These are the characteristics associated with the functions carried out in different types of scenes.
Semantic regularities.
This is the area you are looking at.
Central vision.
This is everything that is off to the side.
Peripheral vision.
A rapid, jerky movement from one fixation to the next.
Saccadic eye movement.
This refers to shifting attention from one place to another by moving the eyes.
Overt attention.
This refers to shifting attention while keeping the eyes still.
Covert attention.
Five (5) stages of the Planning-Control Model.
- Goal Formation
- Planning
- Execution
- Monitoring
- Control
In cognitive psychology, this is a way of understanding how we set goals, plan actions, and then carry them out while monitoring and adjusting our performance.
Planning-Control Model.
This is the first step of the Planning-Control Model, where you decide what you want to achieve.
Goal Formation.
This is the second step of the Planning-Control Model, where you create a plan or strategy to reach your goal.
Planning.
