Chapter 3 Part 3:Natural killer Cells And IFNs

Question 1

Regulates interferons

Answer 1

RLRs:IRF

NFkB is needed also

Question 2

What are type one interferons?

What are the three major functions?

Answer 2

• alpha
• beta
• shut down infected cell (autocrine)
• protect neighboring cells (paracrine)
• activate natural killer cells

Question 3

What do interferon alpha and beta do?

Answer 3

• Induce resistance to viral replication in all cells
• increase expression of ligands for receptors on NK cells
• activate NK cells to kill virus infected cells

Question 4

“ interferon producing cell”
Makes lots of ER
-extensive RER
-Protein production factory

Answer 4

Plasmacytoid dendritic cell

Question 5

• secrete cytokines (IFN- gamma)
• Large peripheral blood lymphocyte
• kills cells, antiviral, anti-cancer

Answer 5

NK cells

mediator-perforin, granzymes, IFN-gamma

Question 6

NK cells spare healthy cells by….

Answer 6

Detecting normal MHC class one expression

NK cells kill when they detect the presence of MIC and the loss of MHC class one expression

Question 7

What is better, apoptosis or necrosis?

Answer 7

Apoptosis - this prevents inflammation, viral spreading and can then be phagocytosis by neighboring cells

Question 8

NK Cells bind to ____

What are the two components of perforin?

Answer 8

Fas receptor links to (NK - FasL)

• granzyme B
• granulysin

Question 9

Macrophage activated by viral infection secretes inflammatory cytokines that recruit and stimulate….

Answer 9

NK cells

NK cells proliferate and differentiate into effecter NK cells secreting interferon-gamma

Question 10

What are the interactions between NK cells and Dendritic cells?

Answer 10

• activation, perforation, and differentiation of NK cells are driven by Dendirtic cells
• when NK cells are abundant and outnumber the dendritic cells, they can kill the dendritic cells
• when NK cells are scarce and are outnumbered by Dendritic cells, they drive the Dendritic cells to mature into the form that initiates adaptive immunity

Question 11

What forms the bridge between innate and adaptive immune responses?

Answer 11

Dendritic cells

Dendritic cells activate T cells. T cells activate B cells

Question 12

T cells only recognize __________

Answer 12

Peptides

The epitope peptide binds to a self Molecule, an MHC molecule