Chapter 3 part 3

Question 1

What does under consumption of fruit and vegetables, fruit and dairy goods do? (3)

Answer 1

• Underconsumption of fruit results increases the risk of malnutrition
• Underconsumption of green leafy vegetables can result in lack of phosphorus: phosphorus is needed for maintaining hard tissue, and protein, which is essential for the growth, maintenance, and repair of body cells
• Dairy goods, such as milk, yogurt, and cheese are important in the daily diet as they are rich source of calcium, a nutrient required for ossifying hard tissue

Question 2

What does high intake of fat do? (5)

Answer 2

• Excess consumption of fats can have adverse effects in the body. Apart from being stored as adipose tissue resulting in weight gain, saturated and trans fat in particular
• can raise LDL cholesterol level
• impair glucose regulation
• increasing burden of disease from cardiovascular disease
• type 2 diabetes
• colorectal cancer.

Question 3

Too much of sodium?

Answer 3

Draws excess fluid out of the cell
- increasing blood volume
... this can lead to hypertension
 heart attack
 stroke and other cardiovascular diseases

Question 4

Too much sugar?

Answer 4

Sugars are high GI carbohydrates.
Too much sugar means the energy released is not used up.
Sugars are stored as adipose tissue and can contribute
to obesity
colorectal cancer
Cardiovascular disease

Increases morbidity from type 2 diabetes and hypertension

Question 5

Low intake of fiber?

Answer 5

Increases the risk of developing colorectal cancer

Question 6

Low intake of iron?

Answer 6

Required for the production of hemoglobin in the red blood cells which are responsible for transporting oxygen around the body for energy.

Can increase the risk of morbidity for diet-related deficiency diseases such as anaemia, which is associated with fatigue, paleness, dizziness and breathlessness