chapter 3 LC

Question 1

Prove ATC service based upon ______ or ________ and ______

Answer 1

Oberved, known traffic; airport conditons

Question 2

According to the .65 Chpt. 3-1-3 Use of active runways, ground control must obtain approval from local control before authorizing an a/c or vehicle to do what?

Answer 2

before authorizing an aircraft or a vehicle to
cross or use any portion of an active runway. The
coordination must include the point/intersection at
the runway where the operation will occur.

Question 3

what shall GC advise LC concerning runway crossing and how is this accomplished?

Answer 3

The ground controller must advise the local
controller when the coordinated runway operation is
complete. This may be accomplished verbally or
through visual aids as specified by a facility directive

Question 4

LC shall coordinate with GC before issuing a runway not previously _____ as _____?

Answer 4

designated as active

Question 5

List the coordination between LC and GC

Answer 5

Ground control must notify local control when a departing aircraft has been taxied to a runway other
than one previously designated as active.
Ground control must notify local control of any aircraft taxied to an intersection for takeoff. This
notification may be accomplished by verbal means or by flight progress strips.
When the runways in use for landing/departing aircraft are not visible from the tower or the aircraft
using them are not visible on radar, advise the local/ground controller of the aircraft’s location before releasing the aircraft to the other controller.

Question 6

How do you describe vehicles, equipment, or personnel on or near the movement area?

Answer 6

In a manner which will assist the pilot in recognizing them

Question 7

What must be determined before issuing takeoff clearance?

Answer 7

Determine the position of an aircraft, personnel or equipment before issuing taxi instructions, takeoff clearance,
or authorizing personnel, and/or equipment to proceed onto the movement area.

Question 8

The STARS radar is used for what purposes?

Answer 8

Uncertified tower display workstations must be used only as an aid to assist controllers in visually locating
aircraft or in determining their spatial relationship to known geographical points.
Local controllers may use certified tower radar displays for the following purposes:
1. To determine an aircraft’s identification, exact location, or spatial relationship to other aircraft.
2. To provide aircraft with radar traffic advisories.
3. To provide a direction or suggested headings to VFR aircraft as a method for radar identification or as
an advisory aid to navigation.
4. To provide information and instructions to aircraft operating within the surface area for which the tower
has responsibility.

Question 9

Who is responsible for scanning the runways, and what is GC responsibility?

Answer 9

Local controllers must visually scan runways to the maximum extent possible. Ground control must assist local control in visually scanning runways, especially when runways
are in close proximity to other movement areas.

Question 10

When is a general waning signal given?

Answer 10

a. Aircraft are converging and a collision hazard
exists.
b. Mechanical trouble exists of which the pilot
might not be aware.
c. Other hazardous conditions are present which
call for intensified pilot or operator alertness. These
conditions may include obstructions, soft field, ice on
the runway, etc

Question 11

Consider an aircraft cleared for touch-and-go, stop-and-go, or low approach as an arriving aircraft until ________________________________ and thereafter as a departing aircraft.

Answer 11

touches down (for touch-and-go), or makes a complete stop (for stop-and-go), or crosses the landing threshold (for low
approach),

Question 12

Authorize simultaneous, same direction operations on parallel runways, on parallel landing strips, or on a runway
and a parallel landing strip only when the following conditions are met:

Answer 12

a. Operations are conducted in VFR conditions unless visual separation is applied.
b. Two-way radio communication is maintained with the aircraft involved and pertinent traffic information
is issued.
c. The distance between the parallel runways or landing strips is in accordance with those specified in
TBL 3−8−1

Question 13

Authorize simultaneous opposite direction operations on parallel runways, on parallel landing strips, or on a
runway and a parallel landing strip only when the following conditions are met:

Answer 13

a. Operations are conducted in VFR conditions.
b. Two-way radio communication is maintained with the aircraft involved and pertinent traffic information
is issued.
PHRASEOLOGY−
TRAFFIC (description) ARRIVING/DEPARTING/LOW APPROACH, OPPOSITE DIRECTION ON PARALLEL
RUNWAY/LANDING STRIP.
c. The distance between the runways or landing strips is in accordance with the minima in TBL 3−8−2.

Question 14

List the departure information in order

Answer 14

a. Departure information contained in the ATIS broadcast may be omitted if the pilot states the appropriate
ATIS code.
b. Issue departure information by including the following:
1. Runway in use. (May be omitted if pilot states “have the numbers.”)
2. Surface wind from direct readout dial, wind shear detection system, or automated weather observing
system information display. (May be omitted if pilot states “have the numbers.”)
3. Altimeter setting. (May be omitted if pilot states “have the numbers.”)
c. Time, when requested.
d. Issue the official ceiling and visibility, when available, to a departing aircraft before takeoff as follows:
1. To a VFR aircraft when weather is below VFR conditions.
2. To an IFR aircraft when weather is below VFR conditions or highest takeoff minima, whichever is
greater.
e. Issue the route for the aircraft/vehicle to follow on the movement area in concise and easy to understand
terms. The taxi clearance must include the specific route to follow.
g. Issue braking action for the runway in use as received from pilots when braking action advisories are in
effect.

Question 15

When do you instruct an A/C/ departing IFR to switch to ARAC, and what is the phraseology?

Answer 15

b. After takeoff.
1. When the aircraft is about 1/2 mile beyond the runway end, instruct civil aircraft, and military transport,
and cargo types to contact departure control, provided further communication with you is not required.

Question 16

When do you authorize an A/C to LUAW?

Answer 16

when takeoff clearances cannot be issued because of traffic. Issue traffic information to any aircraft so authorized. Traffic information may be omitted when the traffic is another
aircraft which has landed on or is taking off the runway and is clearly visible to the holding aircraft.

Question 17

Explain Anticipated Separation

Answer 17

Takeoff clearance need not be withheld until prescribed separation exists if there is a reasonable assurance it will
exist when the aircraft starts takeoff roll.

Question 18

Define Category I,II, II A/C

Answer 18

CATEGORY I small single−engine propeller-driven aircraft weighing 12,500 lbs. or less, and all helicopters.

CATEGORY II small twin−engine propeller-driven aircraft weighing 12,500 lbs. or less.

CATEGORY III all other aircraft

Question 19

What are the same runway separation minima for departing a/c, all categories?

Answer 19

1. When only Category I aircraft are involved− 3,000 feet.
2. When a Category I aircraft is preceded by a Category II aircraft− 3,000 feet.
3. When either the succeeding or both are Category II aircraft− 4,500 feet.
4. When either is a Category III aircraft− 6,000 feet.
5. When the succeeding aircraft is a helicopter, visual separation may be applied in lieu of using distance
   minima.

Question 20

What is first stated when issuing a takeoff clearance?

Answer 20

When issuing a clearance for takeoff, first state the runway number followed by the takeoff clearance.

Question 21

What are the same runway separation minima for arriving a/c, all categories?

Answer 21

1. When only Category I aircraft are involved− 3,000 feet.
2. When a Category I aircraft is preceded by a Category II aircraft− 3,000 feet.
3. When either the succeeding or both are Category II aircraft− 4,500 feet.
4. When either is a Category III aircraft− 6,000 feet.
5. When the succeeding aircraft is a helicopter, visual separation may be applied in lieu of using distance
   minima.

Question 21

List the landing information items in order.

Answer 21

Provide current landing information, as appropriate, to arriving aircraft. Landing information contained in the
ATIS broadcast may be omitted if the pilot states the appropriate ATIS code. Runway, wind, and altimeter may
be omitted if a pilot uses the phrase “have numbers.” Issue landing information by including the following:

a. Specific traffic pattern information (may be omitted if the aircraft is to circle the airport to the left).
b. Runway in use.
c. Surface wind.
d. Altimeter setting.
e. Any supplementary information.
f. Clearance to land.
h. Ceiling and visibility if either is below basic VFR minima.
i. Low level wind shear or microburst advisories when available.
j. Issue braking action for the runway in use as received from pilots when braking action advisories are in
effect.

Question 21

what is the phraseology for a landing clearance?

Answer 21

RUNWAY (number) CLEARED TO LAND

Question 21

what is the phraseology for a landing clearance to an a/c you do not observe?

Answer 21

NOT IN SIGHT, RUNWAY (number) CLEARED TO LAND.

Question 22

can a landing clearance be withheld?

Answer 22

Do not withhold a landing clearance indefinitely even though it appears a violation of Title 14 of the Code of
Federal Regulations has been committed.

Question 23

when is an altitude-restricted low approach authorized?

Answer 23

A low approach with an altitude restriction of not less than 500 feet above the airport may be authorized except
over an aircraft in takeoff position or a departure aircraft. Do not clear aircraft for restricted altitude low
approaches over personnel unless airport authorities have advised these personnel that the approaches will be
conducted.

Question 24

what is the phraseology for an altitude-restricted low approach?

Answer 24

CLEARED LOW APPROACH AT OR ABOVE (altitude).

Question 25

separate a departing helicopter from other helicopters by ensuring that it does not take off until one of the following conditions exists:

Answer 25

a. A preceding, departing helicopter has left the takeoff area
b. A preceding, arriving helicopter has taxied off the landing area.

Question 26

separate an arriving helicopter from other helicopters by ensuring that it does not land until one of the following conditions exists:

Answer 26

a. A preceding, arriving helicopter has come to a stop or taxied off the landing area.
b. A preceding, departing helicopter has left the landing area.

Question 27

authorize helicopters to conduct simultaneous landings or takeoffs if the distance between the landing or takeoff points is at least…

Answer 27

Authorize helicopters to conduct simultaneous landings or takeoffs if the distance between the landing or takeoff
points is at least 200 feet and the courses to be flown do not conflict.

Question 28

what is the phraseology for an a/c requesting to land or depart from a non-movement area, an area not authorized for helicopter use, or an area off the airport, and in your judgment, the operation appears to be reasonable?

Answer 28

LANDING AT (requested location) WILL BE AT YOUR OWN RISK (additional instructions, as necessary). USE CAUTION
(if applicable).

Question 29

unless agreed to by the pilot, do not issue downwind landings if the tailwind exceeds

Answer 29

if the tailwind exceeds 5 knots.