Chapter 3 - Jung Flashcards
Analytical psychology
Jung’s theory of personality (disagreeing with Freud on roles of sexuality, forces that influence personality, and unconscious)
Libido
To Jung, a broader and more generalized form of psychic energy
Psyche
Jung’s term for personality
Opposition principle
Jung’s idea that conflict between opposing processes or tendencies is necessary to generate psychic energy (conflict/tension motivates)
Equivalence principle
The continuing redistribution of energy within a personality; of the energy expended on certain conditions or activities weakens or disappears, that energy is transferred elsewhere in the personality
Entropy principle
A tendency toward balance or equilibrium within the personality; the ideal is an equal distribution of psychic energy over all structures of the personality
Ego
To Jung, the conscious aspect of personality - our command headquarters
- sense of existence and identity
- organizes thoughts, feelings, senses, intuition, memory
- selective memory - “gatekeeper”
Attitudes
Channeling of our psychic energy
Inward - introversion
Outward - extroversion
Most have some blend of these
Extraversion
An attitude of the psyche characterized by an orientation toward the external world and other people
Introversion
An attitude of the psyche characterized by an orientation toward one’s own thoughts and feelings
Psychological functions
Ways of perceiving a person’s external and internal world
Non-rational - sensing/intuitive
Rational - thinking/feeling
Psychological types
To Jung, eight personality types based on interactions of the attitudes (introversion/extraversion) and the functions (thinking/feeling, sensing/intuitive)
8 different types: Extroverted thinking Extroverted feeling Extroverted sensing Extroverted intuiting Introverted thinking Introverted feeling Introverted sensing Introverted intuiting
Personal unconscious
The reservoir of material that was once conscious but has been forgotten or suppressed
Complex
To Jung, a core or pattern of emotions, memories, perceptions, and wishes in the personal unconscious organized around a common themed such as power or status
- Jung said this is diverse (not just centred around sex as Freud would have suggested)
- may be conscious or unconscious and are evident in the action of individuals though the individual may not be aware of them
Collective unconscious
The deepest level of the psyche containing the accumulation of inherited experiences of human and pre-human species - heritage is passed to each new generation
Archetype
Images of universal experiences contained in the collective unconscious (ie. persona, shadow, self, animus, and anima)
Persona archetype
The public face or role a person presents to others (a mask, someone who is presenting to others what they are not truly)
Animus archetype
Masculine aspects of the female psyche - should have aspects of both
Anima archetype
Feminine aspects of the male psyche - should have aspects of both
Shadow archetype
The dark side of the personality; the archetype that contains primitive animal instincts
- Darwinism influence
- darkest source of evil
- source of vitality, spontaneity, creativity, and emotion so should not be fully repressed
self archetype
To Jung, the archetype that represents the united integration, and harmony of the total personality
- the self serves as a motivating force, pulling us from ahead rather than pushing us from behind (as our past experiences do)
Jung’s developmental stages
Childhood
- ego development as child distinguished between self and others
- parents can force their views on children or they may hope their child will be the opposite of themselves
Puberty to young adulthood
- adolescents must adapt to growing demands of reality
- focus is external, on education, career, and family
- conscious is dominant
Middle age
- a period of transition when the focus of the personality shifts from external to internal in an attempt to balance the unconscious with the conscious
- personal change is inevitable (necessary and beneficial)
- process of realizing who you are and bettering yourself - working towards actualization
Individuation
A condition of psychological health resulting from the integration of all conscious facets of the personality
Process of individuation: how to reach fulfillment
- Confront the unconscious - listen to dreams and follow fantasies through creative expression
- Dethrone the persona - be nothing other than ourselves
- Accept the dark side - awareness of destructive and constructive aspects of shadow
- Accept the anima and animus - come to terms with the bias of our gender and embrace the opposite
- Transcend - unity and wholeness of our personality - embracing opposing aspects of our personality and growing in that
Jung’s understanding of Human nature
- deterministic (we are all headed there) and free will(but still have the choice to pursue it)
- mixed position about nature and nurture influences
- past and present focus
- uniqueness fades over time
- growth throughout life
- optimistic - positive and helpful - progress does not occur only in childhood
Word-association test
A projective technique in which a person responds to a stimulus word with whatever word comes to mind
- uncovers complexes
- normal or neurotic responses would be determined by hesitations
Symptom analysis
Similar to catharsis, the symptom analysis technique focuses on the symptoms reported by the patient and attempts to interpret the patient’s free associations to those symptoms
Dream analysis
A technique involving the interpretation of dreams to uncover unconscious conflict
Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI)
An assessment test based on Jung’s psychological types and the attitudes of introversion and extraversion
Life-history reconstruction
Jung’s type of case study that involves examining a person’s past experience to identify developmental patterns that may explain present neuroses
Midlife Crisis in women
- resolved more easily in women with independent careers rather than stay-at-Home mom’s/wives
- divided into three categories - conflicted (haven’t faced inner conflict), traditional (interest in others and giving, at expense of themselves, external pressures that are driving them, negotiating their inner world), and individuate (all external and internal conflicts have been confronted and resolved)
