chapter 3 - ionic bonding

Question 1

define ionic bonding

Answer 1

bonding between cations and anions in an iconic compound

Question 2

define metallic bonding

Answer 2

when metallic atoms combine to form a metallic lattice

Question 3

define cations

Answer 3

a positively charged ion - that have lost electrons

Question 4

define anions

Answer 4

a negatively charged ion - gained electrons

Question 5

how is an ionic bond produced

Answer 5

as cations and anions are oppositely charged they attract each other by electrostatic force. This attraction between POS and NEG ions creates the bond

Question 6

name for an ionic compound

Answer 6

salt

Question 7

ionic substance characteristics

Answer 7

• hard
• brittle at room temp - as when force hits the lattice the ion move and like charges repel each other therefore causing a crack in the crystal
• high melting point due to the strong bond
• when dissolved or melted the substance can conduct
  electricity as the particles are freely moving (in molten/aqueous states)
• do not conduct electricity in solid form as the ions are unable to move

Question 8

group 1 elements have a charge of

Answer 8

plus 1

Question 9

group 2 elements have a charge of

Answer 9

+2

Question 10

group 13 elements have a charge of

Answer 10

+3

Question 11

group 15 elements have a charge of

Answer 11

-3

Question 12

group 16 elements have a charge of

Answer 12

-2

Question 13

group 17 elements have a charge of

Answer 13

-1

Question 14

carbonate ion

Answer 14

CO3^2-

Question 15

sulfate ion

Answer 15

SO4^2-

Question 16

amonium ion

Answer 16

NH4^+

Question 17

phosphate ion

Answer 17

PO4^-3

Question 18

hydroxide ion

Answer 18

OH^-

Question 19

nitrate ion

Answer 19

NO3^-