Chapter 3 Hematopoietic

Question 1

Key players in the inflammatory response and in fighting infections
Normal range

Answer 1

Leukocytes

Question 2

One type of leukocytes

Usually the first to arrive at the site of infection

Answer 2

Neutrophils

Question 3

Kissing disease-oral transmission
Self-limiting
Most prevalent in adolescents and young adults
Caused by Epstein-Barr virus in the herpes family

Answer 3

Mononucleosis

Question 4

Least common of the 2
Solid tumors with the presence of Reed-Sternberg cells
Typically originate in the lymph nodes of the upper body
Curable with treatment
Painless enlarged nodes, weight loss, fever, night sweats, purity’s, coughing, difficulty breathing, chest pain, recurrent infections, and splenomegaly

Answer 4

Hodgkin’s lymphoma

Question 5

More common
Poor prognosis
Can originate in the T or B cells
No Reed-Sternberg cells

Answer 5

Non hodgkins lymphoma

Question 6

Second most common blood cancer

Cancer of the leukocytes

Answer 6

Leukemia

Question 7

Affects primarily children
Responds well to therapy
Good prognosis
Type of leukemia

Answer 7

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Question 8

Affects primarily adults
Responds fairly well to treatment
Prognosis somewhat worse than that of the acute
Type of leukemia

Answer 8

Acute myeloid leukemia

Question 9

Affects primarily adults
Responds poorly to therapy, yet most patients live many years after diagnosis
Type of leukemia

Answer 9

Chronic lymphoid leukemia

Question 10

Affects primarily adults

Responds poorly to chemo, but the prognosis is improved with allogenic bone marrow transplant

Answer 10

Chronic myeloid leukemia

Question 11

Plasma cell cancer
Excessive numbers of abnormal plasma cells in the bone marrow, crowding the blood forming cells and causing Bence Jone proteins to be excreted in the urine
Bone destruction leads to hypercalcemia and pathological fractures

Answer 11

Multiple myeloma

Question 12

Results from a decreased number of erythrocytes, reduction of hemoglobin, or presence of abnormal hemoglobin
Decreases o2 carrying capacity leading to tissue hypoxia

Answer 12

Anemia

Question 13

Very common

Iron is necessary for hemoglobin production

Answer 13

Iron-deficiency anemia

Question 14

Vitamin b12 deficiency usually caused by a lack of intrinsic factor
Autoimmune
Vitamin b12 required for dna synthesis
Leads to decreased maturation and cell division
May see myelin breakdown and neurological complications

Answer 14

Pernicious anemia

Question 15

Bone marrow depression of all blood cells (pancytopenia)

Answer 15

Aplastic anemia

Question 16

Excessive erythrocyte destruction

Blood

Answer 16

Hemolytic anemia

Question 17

Neither recessive nor dominant-co-dominant

Hemoglobin s causes erythrocytes to be abnormally shaped

Answer 17

Sickle cell anemia

Question 18

Autosomal dominant inheritance

Abnormal hemoglobin from a lack of one of two proteins that make up hemoglobin

Answer 18

Thalassemia

Question 19

Abnormally high erythrocytes
Rare
Considered neoplastic disease
Increased blood volume and viscosity, leading to tissue ischemia and necrosis

Answer 19

Polycythemia

Question 20

X-linked recessive bleeding disorder

Deficiency or abnormality of clotting factor VIII

Answer 20

Hemophilia A

Question 21

Most common hereditary bleeding disorder

Decreased platelet adhesion and aggregation

Answer 21

Von Willebrand’s disease

Question 22

Life-threatening complication of many conditions
Inappropriate immune response
Widespread coagulation followed by massive bleeding because of the depletion of clotting factors

Answer 22

Disseminated intravascular coagulation

Question 23

HYPOcoagulation resulting from an autoimmune destruction of platelets

Answer 23

Idiopathic thrombocytopenia purpura

Question 24

Deficiency of enzyme necessary for cleaving von willebrand’s factor, leading to hyper coagulation
Hypercoagulation depletes platelet levels

Answer 24

Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura