Chapter 2 Immunity

Question 1

Vascular reaction
Triggered by mast cells
Erythema, edema, warmth, heat, and pain

Answer 1

Inflammatory Response

Question 2

Fever-producing molecules
Produced by macrophages
Create an unpleasant environment for bacterial growth
Severe fever, life-threatening

Answer 2

Pyrogens

Question 3

Proteins release from virus-infected cells
Bind nearby uninflected cells
The uninflected cells release an enzyme that prevents viral replication
When the virus infects these cells, they are able to replicate

Answer 3

Interferons

Question 4

Plasma proteins that enhance antibodies
Activated by antigens
Play a role in the immune and inflammatory response

Answer 4

Complement proteins

Question 5

Cells are produced in the bone marrow and mature in the thymus
Protect against viruses and cancer
Hypersensitivity reactions and transplant rejections

Answer 5

T- cells

Question 6

Mediated by B cells on encountering antigen

Answer 6

Humoral immunity

Question 7

Produces an immediate response local or system allergen activates t-helper cells that stimulate b cells to produce IgE

Answer 7

IgE mediated

Question 8

IgG or IgM type antibodies bind to antigen on individual’s own cells

Answer 8

Type 2 cytotoxic

Question 9

Immune complex-mediated
Circulating antigen-antibody complexes accumulate and are deposited in the tissue
Triggers the complement system, causing inflammation

Answer 9

Type III

Question 10

Delayed hypersensitivity reaction
Cell mediated rather than antibody-mediated involving the T cells
Antigen presentation results in cytokine release, leading to inflammation

Answer 10

Type IV hypersensitivity

Question 11

Donor and recipient are related or unrelated, but share similar tissue types

Answer 11

Allogenic transplants

Question 12

Donor and recipient are identical twins

Answer 12

Syngenic

Question 13

Donor and recipient are the same person; most successful

Answer 13

Autologous

Question 14

Use of tissue from another species

Answer 14

Xenogenic

Question 15

Graft fights the host
Frequent and potentially fatal complication of bone marrow transplants
Occurs when immunocompetent fatal cells recognize host tissue as foreign and mount a cell-mediated immune response
The host is usually immunocompromised and unable to fight graft cells; the host’s cells are destroy

Answer 15

Graft vs. host diseas

Question 16

Chronic inflammatory autoimmune condition
May affect connective tissue of any body organ
Remission and exacerbations stressors tend to trigger
Disease progression varies from mild to severe
More common in women, Asians, and African Americans

Answer 16

Lupus

Question 17

Diminished or absent immune response
Renders the person susceptible to disease normally prevented
May be acute or chronic

Answer 17

Immunodeficiency

Question 18

Parasitic retrovirus that infects CD4 and macrophages upon entry

Answer 18

HIV