Chapter 3 glossary Flashcards
Arrector pili muscles
small muscle in the dermis that attaches to the hair follicle; contraction of the music causes hair to stand causing goosebumps
barrier function
complex of lipids that keep the skin moist y preventing water evaporation and guards against irritants penetrating skin surface and to help regulate the skin’s pH
broad-spectrum sunscreen
sunscreen product that protects from burning, skin cancer, and premature aging; protects against UVA and UVB rays
collagen
fibrous, connective tissue made from proteins; gives skin form and strength
dermal papillae
membranes of ridges and grooves that attach to the epidermis
dermatologist
dr who specializes in diseases and disorders of the skin, hair, and nails
dermatology
branch of medicine that deals with the study of skin and its nature, structure, functions, diseases, and treatments
dermis
aka derma, corium cutis, or true skin; underlying or inner layer of the skin
elastin
protein base similar o collagen that forms elastic tissue
dermal/epidermal junction
top of the papillar layer where it joins the epidermis
epidermis
outermost/thinnest layer; made of 5 layers: stratum corneum, stratum lucidum, stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum, and stratum germinativum
eumelanin
type of melanin that is dark brown to black in color; is the predominant pigment in black and brunette hair
hair papillae
cone-shaped elevations @ the base of the follicle hat fit into the hair bulb; filled with tissue that contains blood vessels and the cells necessary for hair growth and follicle nourishment
keratin
fibrous protein of cells that is also the principle component of skin, hair, and nails
melanin
grains of pigment produced by melanocytes deposited into cells in the stratum germinativum of the epidermis and papillary layers of the dermis
melanocytes
cells that produce the dark skin pigment called melanin
motor nerve fibers
fibers of the motor nerves that are distributed too the arrector pili muscles attached to hair follicles; carry impulses from brain to the muscles
papillary layer
outer layer of the dermis directly beneath the epidermis
pheomelanin
type of melanin that is red to yellow in color; found in natural blonde to red shades of hair
reticular layer
deeper layer of the dermis that supplies the skin with oxygen and nutrients
sebaceous glands
aka oil glands connected to hair follicles; secrete sebum
sebum
fatty or oily secretion that lubricates the skin and preserves the softness of hair
secretory coil
coiled base of sudoriferous gland
secretory nerve fibers
regulate the excretion of perspiration from the sweat glands and control the flow of sebum to the surface of the skin
sensory nerve fibers
fibers of the sensory nerves that react to heat, cold, touch, pressure, and pain
stratum corneum
aka horny layer, outermost layer of the epidermis
stratum germinativum
called basal cell layer; deepest live layer of the epidermis that produces skin cells and is responsible for growt
stratum granulosum
aka granular layer; layer of the epidermis composed of cells filled with keratin that resemble granules
stratum lucidum
clear,transparent layers of the epidermis under the stratum corneum
stratum spinosum
aka spiny layer; layer of the epidermis just above the stratum germanativum
subcutaneous layer
aka hypodermis or superficial fascia; consists of subcutaneous (fat) tissue located beneath the dermis
subcutaneous layer
aka adipose or subcutis tissue; fatty tissue found below the dermis that gives smoothness and contour to the body, contains fats for energy, and acts as a protective cushion for the skin
sudoriferous glands
aka sweat glands; excrete perspiration and detoxify the body be excreting excess salt and unwanted chemicals
sweat glands
aka sudiferous glands; detoxify body, excrete sweat and excrete excess salt and unwanted chemicals
tactile corpuscles
small epidermal structures with nerve endings that are sensitive to touch and pressure
