Chapter 3 - Genetics, Conception, Fetal Dvlpt, Reproductive Technology Flashcards
T.O.R.C.H. teratogenics
Toxoplasmosis Others (Syphilis, Varicella) Rubella Cytomegalovirus Herpes Varicella
Toxoplasmosis
protozoan parasite found in cat feces + uncooked/rare beef + lamb
- can cause fetal demise, mental retardation, blindness
- avoid cat litter + undercooked beef/lamb
when are fetuses most vulnerable?
first 8 weeks
Cytomegalovirus may cause
- hydrocephaly
- microcephaly
- cerebral calcification
- mental retardation
- hearing loss
Syphilis may cause
- skin, bone, teeth defects
- fetal demise
Herpes varicella may cause
- hypoplasia of hands + feet
- blindness/cataracts
- mental retardations
Rubella may cause
- heart defects
- deafness/blindness
- mental retardation
- fetal demise
Ovarian Cycle
based on maturation of ova
1 follicular phase
2 ovulatory phase
3 luteal phase
follicular phase
start: 1st day of menstruation
end: 12-14 days after
- graafian follicle matures due to LH + FSH
maturing follicle secretes…
estrogen
-causes endometrium to thicken + become more vascular to prep for implantation
ovulatory phase
start: peak of estrogen
end: release of oocyte
- LH peaks 12-36 hr before ovulation
- before peak, estrogen falls + progesterone incr
ovulation
release of oocyte (egg) fr matured graafian follicle
luteal phase
start: after ovulation
end: ~14 days
- follicle> corpus luteum
- secretes high lvl progesterone + low lvl estrogen
corpus luteum
if pregnancy occurs…
vs
if no pregnancy occurs
Prg: keeps secreting E + P until placenta can take over
Not P: corp.lut degenerates> FALL in P> starts the menstruation
Endometrial Cycle
1 proliferative phase
2 secretory phase
3 menstrual phase
proliferative phase
start: after menstruation
end: ovulation
- endometrium gets thicker + more vascular in prep for implantation
- –fr incr level of estrogen
secretory phase
start: ovulation
end: onset of menstruation
- endometrium cont to thicken
- progesterone is secreted by corp.lut
what happens to endometrium when corpus luteum degrades?
tissue degenerates