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lbybio3 > Chapter 3 - Essential Features Of Lower Types > Flashcards

Chapter 3 - Essential Features Of Lower Types Flashcards

1
Q

3 regions of the body of a balanoglossid

A

Proboscis, collar, trunk

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2
Q

Elongated conical structure at the anterior end of a balanoglossid which is used to burrow into the sand

A

Proboscis

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3
Q

Band encircling the body of a balanoglossid just behind the proboscis

A

Collar

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4
Q

Attaches the proboscis and collar

A

Proboscis stalk

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5
Q

3 regions of the trunk of a balanoglossid and their features

A

Branchiogenital - gonads
Hepatic - hepatic caeca
Abdominal - intestine

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6
Q

Most chordate-like structure of the balanoglossid

A

Gill apparatus

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7
Q

Represents the notochord of balanoglossids

A

Diverticulim

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8
Q

Central nervous system of balanoglossids

A

Collar chord

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9
Q

Blood channel in balanoglossids representing the heart lumen

A

Central blood sinus

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10
Q

Excretory organ of balanoglossids

A

Glomerulus

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11
Q

Upper siphon of tunicates/sea squirts and is the degenerate anterior end of the animal

A

Oral or incurrent siphon

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12
Q

Lower siphon and represents the posterior end of tunicates/sea squirts

A

Atrial or excurrent siphon

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13
Q

Outer covering of tunicates which is thick, tough, sometimes gelatinous membrane secreted by the underlying epithelium and attached to the inclosed body only at the siphons

A

Tunic or test

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14
Q

It is beneath the test; soft body wall consisting of an outer epithelium and inner connective tissue

A

Mantle

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15
Q

Chronological order of digestive tract of tunicates

A 
Pharynx
Atrium
Esophagus
Stomach
Intestine
Anus
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16
Q

Constitutes the central nervous system of the adult tunicate

A

Ganglion

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17
Q

Term for the developmental stage of tunicates

A

Tadpole

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18
Q

Where the larva of tunicates attaches when about to metamorphose

A

Papillae

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19
Q

Ventral and greater part of the head of Amphioxus

A

Oral hood

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20
Q

Where the mouth of amphioxus is located

A

Vestibule

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21
Q

Borders of the oral hood

A

Tentacles or cirri

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22
Q

2 membranous folds on the amphioxus; lateral fins of the amphioxus

A

Metapleural folds

23
Q

Median opening in the amphioxus

A

Atriopore

24
Q

V-shaped muscles segments in amphioxus

A

Myotomes

25
Q

Separates the myotomes of the amphioxus

A

Myosepta

26
Q

Sex glands

A

Gonads

27
Q

Serves as skeletal support of the fins, myotomes, and digestive tract of the amphioxus

A

Fin rays

28
Q

Finger-like projections in the internal anatomy of amphioxus

A

Wheel organ

29
Q

Central groove of the longest and middorsal finger (wheel organ)

A

Hatschek’s groove

30
Q

Vertical membrane behind the base of the wheel organ

A

Velum

31
Q

Slender parallel oblique bars which composes the side walls of the pharynx of amphioxus

A

Gill bars or branchial bars

32
Q

Large cavity surrounding the pharynx of amphioxus

A

Atrium

33
Q

Chronological order of digestive tract of amphioxus

A 
Esophagus
Stomach
Liver/Hepatic caecum
Iliocolon ring
Intestine
Anus
34
Q

Yellowish rod found inside amphioxus

A

Notochord

35
Q

Central nervous system of amphioxus which is best recognized by the row of black spots (simple eyes) that it bears

A

Neural tube

36
Q

Represents the brain of amphioxus

A

Brain vesicle

37
Q

Eel-like animal; tough, slimy, naked skin; body consists of a stout cylindrical head and trunk and a laterally flattened tail

A

Lamprey

38
Q

Bowl-shaped depression in the anterior end of the head of a lamprey

A

Buccal funnel

39
Q

Leads to the olfactory sac of a lamprey

A

Nasohypophyseal opening

40
Q

How many gill slits does a lamprey have?

A

7

41
Q

Contains the anal opening in front and the urogenital papilla behind (lamprey)

A

Cloacal pit

42
Q

Larval stage of cyclostomes

A

Ammocoetes

43
Q

Serv as strainers in feeding (Ammocoetes)

A

Oral papillae

44
Q

Most anterior division of the ammocoete brain

A

Telenchephalon

45
Q

2 lobes in the ammocoete telencephalon and their position

A

Olfactory bulb - front

Olfactory lobe - behind

46
Q

Behind the olfactory lobe of the ammocoete

A

Diencephalon

47
Q

Ventral part of the diencephalon which projects forward below the olfactory lobe

A

Infundibulum

48
Q

Midbrain

A

Mesencephalon

49
Q

Largest division of the brain (ammocoetes)

A

Rhombencephalon

50
Q

Large flap situated in front of the gill slits (ammocoetes)

A

Velum

51
Q

Thyroid or endostyle (ammocoetes); conspicuous elongated body

A

Subpharyngeal gland

52
Q

Larval kidney (ammocoetes)

A

Pronephros

53
Q

System of skin sense organs peculiar to aquatic vertebrates

A

Lateral-line system

lbybio3 (9 decks)

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