Chapter 1 - General Considerations Of The Animal Form

Question 1

Back or upper side of the body

Answer 1

Dorsal

Question 2

Under side of the body

Answer 2

Ventral

Question 3

Head end of the animal

Answer 3

Anterior, cephalic, cranial

Question 4

Tail end of the animal

Answer 4

Posterior or caudal

Question 5

Middle part of the body

Answer 5

Median

Question 6

Part of a system nearest the middle of the animal

Answer 6

Central

Question 7

Part of the body nearest the surface

Answer 7

Peripheral

Question 8

Near the main mass of the body

Answer 8

Proximal

Question 9

Away from the main mass of the body

Answer 9

Distal

Question 10

On or near the surface

Answer 10

Superficial

Question 11

Below the surface

Answer 11

Deep

Question 12

Vertical longitudinal plane passing from head to tail through the center of the body from dorsal to ventral surfaces

Answer 12

Median plane

Question 13

Any vertical longitudinal plane through the body

Answer 13

Sagittal plane

Question 14

Any horizontal longitudinal section through the body

Answer 14

Horizontal or frontal plane

Question 15

Cuts vertically across the body at right angles to the sagittal and horizontal planes

Answer 15

Transverse or cross plane

Question 16

Line in the median sagittal plane extending from head to tail

Answer 16

Longitudinal or anteroposterior axis

Question 17

Any line in the median sagittal plane extending from dorsal to ventral surfaces

Answer 17

Sagittal or dorsoventral axis

Question 18

Any line in the transverse plane running from side to side

Answer 18

Transverse or mediolateral axis

Question 19

Plane which passes through the longitudinal and sagittal axes

Answer 19

Median sagittal plane

Question 20

Regular repetition of body parts along the anteroposterior axis

Answer 20

Metamerism or segmentation

Question 21

Segmentation of the animal body into nearly like segments

Answer 21

Homonomous segmentation

Question 22

Various segments differ from each other

Answer 22

Heteronomous segmentation

Question 23

Serial repetition of body parts

Answer 23

Pseudometamerism

Question 24

Centralization or localization of nervous structures and functions in the head with accompanying dominance of the head

Answer 24

Cephalization

Question 25

Intrinsic similarity indicative of a common evolutionary origin

Answer 25

Homology

Question 26

Similarity if general function or of superficial appearance not associated with similarity of intrinsic anatomical construction or of embryonic origin and development

Answer 26

Analogy

Question 27

When analogous structures present striking similarity if appearance

Answer 27

Convergence or parallelism

Question 28

Phenomenon wherein animals closely related by descent may differ greatly in general appearance after ling sojourn in different environments

Answer 28

Divergence