Chapter 3- Cells

Question 1

Unicellular

Answer 1

Single called organism

Question 2

Multicellular

Answer 2

Two or more celled organism

Question 3

Eukaryotes

Answer 3

Membrane bound organelles (nucleus)

Question 4

Prokaryotes

Answer 4

No membrane bound organelles (no nucleus)

Question 5

Microwave

Answer 5

A length of one millionth of a square

Question 6

Nanometer

Answer 6

A unit of measurement equal to one billionth of a square.

Question 7

Nanotechnology

Answer 7

Field that includes studies of cells and other objects of small dimension.

Question 8

Cell membrane

Answer 8

Structure that controls what enters and exits cell

Question 9

Cytosol

Answer 9

The fluid inside cells

Question 10

Ribosomes

Answer 10

Small areas of a cell in which proteins such as enzymes form.

Question 11

Cytoplasm

Answer 11

Jelly like material inside a cell carrying organelles such as nucleus and vacuoles.

Question 12

Metabolism

Answer 12

Chemical reaction occurring within an organism causing the organism to use energy to grow and repair cells.

Question 13

Binary fission

Answer 13

Reproduction of an organism usually from a singular cell into two new organisms.

Question 14

Animalia

Answer 14

The kingdom of organisms that have cells with a membrane around the nucleus.

Question 15

Plantae

Answer 15

Kingdom of cells with a membrane around the nucleus, cell wall, large vacuole and chloroplasts.

Question 16

Fungi

Answer 16

The kingdom of organisms, such as mushrooms and moulds that help decompose dead or decaying matter.

Question 17

Protoctista

Answer 17

The kingdom of organisms, including algae and protozoans that do not fit into other groups.

Question 18

Prokaryote

Answer 18

The kingdom of organisms that consist of single cells with no surrounding nucleus around the cell wall. Commonly called bacteria.

Question 19

Mitochondria

Answer 19

organelles that supply energy to other parts of the cell.

Question 20

Cellular respiration

Answer 20

Chemical involving oxygen that moves the energy in glucose into the compound ATP.

Question 21

Photosynthesis

Answer 21

The food making process in plants that takes in chloroplasts within cells. The process uses carbon dioxide, water and energy from the sun.

Question 22

Chlorophyll

Answer 22

Green chemical in plants that absorbs the light energy used in photosynthesis to make food from carbon dioxide and water.

Question 23

Light microscope

Answer 23

Appliance used for viewing very small objects, can magnify things up to 1500 times.

Question 24

Electron microscope

Answer 24

Much more powerful than light microscope and can view things up to a million times.

Question 25

Monucular

Answer 25

When a person is using a microscope with one eye.

Question 26

Binocular

Answer 26

A microscope with two eye pieces so you can use two eyes to look at the object.

Question 27

Magnification

Answer 27

The number of times the image of an object has been enlarged using a lens or lens system.

Question 28

Nucleus

Answer 28

Control centre for cell.

Question 29

Chromosomes

Answer 29

Tiny structure inside the nucleus of a cell. Contain DNA carrying generic information.

Question 30

DNA

Answer 30

Substance found in all living things that encodes the generic information of an organism.

Question 31

Mitosis

Answer 31

Process that results in new cells with the same number of chromosomes as the original cell.

Question 32

Clones

Answer 32

Identical copy. (Harold your raukos)

Question 33

Cytokinesis

Answer 33

Process where cytoplasm of a cell divides to form two daughter cells.

Question 34

Infectious disease

Answer 34

Disease that can be spread from one organism to another.

Question 35

Non-infectious

Answer 35

Disease that cannot be spread from one organism to another.

Question 36

Antibiotics

Answer 36

Substance used to kill bad bacteria.

Question 37

Disinfectants

Answer 37

Chemical used to kill germs.

Question 38

Antiseptics

Answer 38

Mild disinfectant used on body tissue to kill germs.

Question 39

Bactericidal

Answer 39

Describes an antiseptic that kills bacteria.

Question 40

Bacteriostatic

Answer 40

Describes an antiseptic that stops bacteria from growing or dividing but doesn't kill them.

Question 41

Phloem

Answer 41

Transportation of sugars into other plants.

Question 42

Translocation

Answer 42

Transport of materials into plants

Question 43

Xylem vessels

Answer 43

Pipeline for the flow of water up wants.

Question 44

Lignin

Answer 44

A hard substance in the walls of dead xylem cells.

Question 45

Stomata

Answer 45

Small openings on the lower surfaces of leaves.

Question 46

Transpiration steam

Answer 46

Movement of water through a plant.

Question 47

Vascular bundles

Answer 47

Groups of xylem and phloem vessels with plant stems.

Question 48

Transpiration

Answer 48

Loss of water from plant leaves through their stomata

Question 49

Guard cells

Answer 49

Cells on either side of a stomata that work together to control the opening and closing of the stomata.

Question 50

Wilt

Answer 50

What happens when their is an insufficient amount of water in plant cells.

Question 51

Vacuoles

Answer 51

Sacs within a cell used to store food and waste.

Question 52

Flaccid

Answer 52

Cells that are not firm due to loss of water.

Question 53

Turgid

Answer 53

Something that is firm.