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Science > Chapter 10 energy > Flashcards

Chapter 10 energy Flashcards

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1
Q

Law of Conservation Of Energy

A

Energy can’t be created or destroyed. Only transferred.

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2
Q

Energy

A

Anything that can do work.

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3
Q

Gravitational

A

Potential energy of an object elevated above the ground.

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4
Q

Elastic

A

Energy stored by an elastic object that is stretched, such as a spring or rubber band.

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5
Q

Chemical

A

Energy stored in chemicals that, when reacted together such as in burning reactions, release, heat, sound or light.

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6
Q

Nuclear

A

Energy stored in the nuclear atoms that can release energy slowly, such as a nuclear reactor, or quickly, such as in a nuclear explosion.

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7
Q

Electrical

A

Energy supplied to homes by powerlines and available to your appliances via power outlets in the home.

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8
Q

Kinetic

A

Energy possessed by objects that are moving.

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9
Q

Heat

A

Energy that causes objects to gain temperature.

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10
Q

Light

A

Energy that may be released, for example, when an object is hot or by a nuclear reaction in a star.

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11
Q

Sound

A

Energy carried by the air in a room and detected by the ear

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12
Q

Efficiency

A

The amount of energy supplied to a device as useful energy.

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13
Q

Conduction

A

Transfer of heat through collisions between particles.

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14
Q

Insulator

A

A poor conductor of heat.

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15
Q

Convection

A

Transfer of heat through the flow of particles.

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16
Q

Radiation

A

A method of heat transfer that does not require particles to travel heat from one place to another.

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17
Q

Radiant heat

A

Heat transferred by radiation, as from the sun to the earth.

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18
Q

Reflected

A

Bounced off

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19
Q

Transmitted

A

Light or sound passing through the air

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20
Q

Absorbed

A

Taken in

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21
Q

Deciduous

A

Describe plants or trees that lose their leaves during the autumn and winter seasons.

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22
Q

Luminous

A

Releasing its own light

23
Q

Incandescent

A

Describes objects that produce light when they are hot.

24
Q

Bioluminescent

A

Describes living things that can produce light energy.

25
Q

Non-luminous

A

Describes object that can not produce their own light, but can be seen by reflected light.

26
Q

Scattered

A

Light sent in many directions by small particles within a substance.

27
Q

Visible spectrum

A

Describes the colours in a rainbow.

28
Q

Dispersion

A

Separation of the colours that make up white light.

29
Q

Electromagnetic radiation

A

The radiant energy and gamma rays released by magnetic or electric fields.

30
Q

Electromagnetic spectrum

A

Complete range of energy radiated as electric and magnetic fields.

31
Q

Radio waves

A

Low energy with a much lower frequency of visible light.

32
Q

Infra-red radiation

A

Invisible radiation that is felt as heat.

33
Q

Ultraviolet radiation

A

Invisible radiation similar to light expect with its with a higher frequency and carry’s a bit more energy.

34
Q

X-Ray’s

A

Scans on the human body checking for inner injuries.

35
Q

Gamma rays

A

High amounts of radiant energy produced during nuclear reactions.

36
Q

Rays

A

Narrow beams of light

37
Q

Concave

A

A lens that is curved inwards

38
Q

Convex

A

Refers to a lens that is curved outwards.

39
Q

Focal point

A

When light rays converge towards a point.

40
Q

Lateral inversion

A

Sideway reversal of how things look in a mirror.

41
Q

Refraction

A

Change in speed of direction as light passes from one substance into another.

42
Q

Normal

A

Line drawn to a surface at the point where a light Ray meets it.

43
Q

Image

A

Picture of an object.

44
Q

Vibrations

A

Repeated, fast, back and fourth movements.

45
Q

Compression

A

The process of pushing a material into itself.

46
Q

Rarefactions

A

The layers of air particles that are spread apart in sound waves.

47
Q

Sound waves

A

Vibrations of particles in the air

48
Q

Frequency

A

Number of vibrations on one second.

49
Q

Hertz

A

Unit of frequency, it’s abbreviation is Hz. One hertz is equal to one vibration every second.

50
Q

Pitch

A

The highness or lowness of a sound.

51
Q

Wavelength

A

Distance between two neighbouring crests or troughs of a wave.

52
Q

Amplitude

A

Maximum distance that a particles moves away from its undisturbed position.

53
Q

Reverberation

A

Long-lasting sound caused by repeated reflection from hard surfaces.

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