Chapter 3-Cells Flashcards

1
Q

Cell

A

Basic unit of structure and function of all living things

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2
Q

Nucleus

A

Controls the activities of the cell and facilitate cell division

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3
Q

Nuclear membrane

A

regulates transport of substances into and out of the cell

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4
Q

Nucleoplasm

A

A clear semi liquid that fills the spaces around the chromatin and nucleoli

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5
Q

Nucleolus

A

Reservoir for RNA

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6
Q

Ribosomes

A

Serves at site for protein synthesis

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7
Q

Cytoplasm

A

watery thing that hold the organelles

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8
Q

Centrosome

A

contains two centrioles that are functional during animal cell division

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9
Q

Endoplasmic Reticulum

A

transport molecules in and out of the nucleus

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10
Q

Mitochondria

A

serves as sites of cellular respiration and energy production ;stores ATP

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11
Q

Golgi Apparatus

A

manufactures carbohydrates

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12
Q

Lysosomes

A

serve as center for cellular digestion

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13
Q

Perioxisomes

A

help to digest fats and detoxify harmful substances

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14
Q

Cytoskeleton

A

provides support and structure of cells

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15
Q

Pinocytic Vescles

A

large molecules can enter the cell

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16
Q

Cilia and Flagella

A

creates movement

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17
Q

Meiosis

A

Involves reproduction ; sex cells

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18
Q

Mitosis

A

involves growth and maintenance of cells

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19
Q

Mitosis Stage 1

A

Interphase-All metabolic cellular activities to help in the maintenance of cell homeostasis

20
Q

Mitosis Stage 2

A

Prophase- two pairs of centrioles start to deprecate toward the opposite ends or poles of the cell

21
Q

Mistosis Stage 3

A

Metaphase-Nuclear membrane completely dissolved, chromatin pairs arrange in single file

22
Q

Mitosis Stage 4

A

Anaphase-chromatin seperate

23
Q

Mitosis Stage 5

A

Telophase-chromosomes pull toward opposite ends of the cell

24
Q

Necrosis

A

cell has unprogrammed death

25
Apoptosis
cells intentionally die
26
Embryonic Stem Cells
pluripotent; a lot of cells
27
Adult Stem Cells
replenish dying cells, regenerate damage tissue ex:bone marrow transplant
28
Umbilical Cord Blood Stem Cells
used to treat diseases multipotent didferentiate into small cells
29
Passive Transport
do not require an energy source diffusion, osmosis
30
Active Transport
require an energy source phagocytosis,pinocytosis
31
Diffusion
molecules spread themselves out evenly
32
Osmosis
diffusion of water
33
isotonic
equal concentration of the salute and solution
34
Hypotonic
low salute concentration
35
Hypertonic
high salute concentration
36
phagocytosis
cell eating
37
pinocytosis
cell drinking
38
atrophy
decrease in size
39
hyper trophy
increase in size
40
hyperplasia
increase in number
41
metaplasia
changed into another type of cell
42
dysplasia
change to a size, shape and organization of cells as a result of a stimulus
43
neoplasia
changed in the cell structure with uncontrolled growth pattern
44
benign tumor
not cancerous
45
malignant tumor
cancerous
46
filtration
Movement of solute/ water across a semipermeable membrane