Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Clinical Parasitology > CHAPTER 3: AMOEBAS > Flashcards

CHAPTER 3: AMOEBAS Flashcards

1
Q

First identified the taxonomy of Amoeba coli (E. histolytica) in St. Peterburg, Russia

A

Fedor Losch (1875)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Description of 3 species as being human parasites.

A

Clifford Dobel (1919)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Description of 3 species of amoebas

A

E. histolytica - 4 nuclei
E. coli - 8 nuclei
E. gingivalis - in oral cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Identified E. hartmanni, morphologically similarly in size w. other amoebas

A

von Prowazek (1912)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

identified E. dispar, no ability ti cause disease in human and animals

A

Emile Brumpt (1925)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

ameba isolates from:

a. asymptomatic
b. amebic dysentery

A

Sargeaunt and Williams

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

ASYMPTOMATIC

A

Nonpathogenic zymodemes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

AMEBIC DYSENTRY

A

Pathogenic zymodemes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

General Characteristics of Protozoans

A
  • animal-like protozoans
  • unicellular
  • multiply by BINARY FISSION
  • no cell wall (PERIPLAST)
  • 1 nucleus
  • vacuolated
  • facultative or obligate
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Organs for Locomotion

A
  • flagella
  • pseudopods
  • cilia
  • apical complex not used for locomotion
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Organism that contains APICAL COMPLEX

A

Plasmodium spp.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

2 similar Entamoeba species that can only be distinguished by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)

A
  • histolytica and dispar
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Life Cycle of an Amoeba

A
  • Trophozoites
  • Pre-cyst
  • Cyst
  • Metacyst
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

2 regions of cytoplasm

A
  • Endoplasm

- Ectoplasm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

single mass of aggregate of granules, maybe near the center of the cell or at times surrounded by chromatin particles that appear to be arranged on a chromatic network or chromatin granules lining the nuclear membrane

A

Nucleus/ Karyosome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

maintain normal osmotic pressure by collecting excess water within their cytoplasm and expelling it outside

A

Contractile Vacuole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

connects the nucleoplasm to the endoplasm

A

Nuclear membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

envelops endoplasm; discharges metabolism

A

Ectoplasm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

locomotion of amoeba; “false feet”

A

Pseudopods

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

locomotion of flagellates; hair-like projections of the cytoplasm arising in the kinetoplast functions as locomotion of organelles

A

Flagella

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

locomotion of ciliates; arise from basal granules within the ectoplasm and distributed over the surface of the body

A

Cilia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

responsible for food waste and excretion discharge

A

Cytopyge

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

present in ciliates

A

Cell anus

24
Q

collects fluid wastes that are ejected from the cell

A

excretory vacuole

25
Q

in trophozoite stage it functions as the control portion of the intake and output of food secretions, excretions and maintains normal concentration of the plama substance by being PERMEABLE to some substance and IMPERMEABLE to others

A

Plasma membrane

26
Q

The process of asexual multiplication where the nucleus of the parent cell divides mitotically resulting to two identical daughters

A

Binary Fission

27
Q

from trophozoites to cyst

A

Encystation

28
Q

from cyst to trophozoite

A

Excsytation

29
Q

Factors responsible of encystation

A
  • deficiency or overabundance of food supply
  • excess catabolic products
  • marked change in pH
  • dessication of the medium
  • depletion or excess supply of oxygen
  • overpopulation
30
Q

factors of excystation

A
  • osmotic changes in the medium
  • enzymatic action of the enclosed organism on the inner surface of the cyst wall
  • change of favorable pH, food supply, oxygen and enzymatic action to host tissue
31
Q

Trophozoite Stage

A
  • motile
  • feed and multiplies
  • presence of pseudopods
  • vegetative state
  • found in diarrheic stool
  • cannot mature once excreted
  • never found in iodine stain
32
Q

Cyst Stage

A
  • nonmotile
  • non-feeding
  • infective stage
  • found in formed stool
  • transmitted through contaminated water and food
  • better observe in permanent stains
33
Q

Largest Entamoeba species

A

E. coli

34
Q

Smallest species

A

Endolimax nana

35
Q

8 nuclei

A

E. coli

36
Q

4 nuclei

A

E. histolytica

37
Q

1 nucleus

A

Iodamoeba butschlii

38
Q

Largest endosome

A

Endolimax nana

39
Q

Largest iodine staining vacuole

A

Iodamoeba butschlii

40
Q

Peripheral Chromatin

A

Blastocystis hominis

41
Q

Central karyosome

A

E. histolytica

42
Q

Eccentric karyosome

A

E. coli

43
Q

Specimen consideration for soft, liquid, loose stool

A

TROPHOZOITES

44
Q

Specimen consideration for formed or semi-formed

A

CYST

45
Q

To observer motility use

A

NSS solution

46
Q

To observe structure

A

Iodine soln

47
Q

To confirm species

A

Permanent stains:

  • iron hematoxylin (red)
  • trichrome (blue)
48
Q

All amoeba have cystic stage except

A

E. gingivalis

49
Q

All amoeba inhabit the colon/ intestine except

A

E. gingivalis

50
Q

All amoeba are commensal except

A

E. histolytica

51
Q

Subphylum of Amoebas

A

Sarcodina

52
Q

Class

A

Lobosea

53
Q

Intestinal Parasites

A
  • E. histolytica
  • E. dispar
  • E. hartmanii
  • E. moshkovskii
  • E. coli
  • Iodamoeba butschlii
  • E. polecki
  • E. chattoni
  • Endolimax nana
54
Q

Sister species of Entamoebas

A

dispar and histolytica

55
Q

Small race

A

E. hartmanii

56
Q

Initially described in sewage in Russia, common anaerobic sediments worldwide. Also, it causes human infection “E. histolytica-like ameba”. Lives at temp. rnage of 20C to 28C but thrives in the test tube at 37C

A

E. moshkovskii

57
Q

Extraintestinal Parasites

A
  • E. gingivalis
  • Acanthamoeba
  • Naegleria fowleri

Clinical Parasitology (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions