Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Chemistry Trilogy > Chapter 3 > Flashcards

Chapter 3 Flashcards

1
Q

How many types of bonding are there?

A

3 - metallic, covalent and ionic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How are ionic bonds formed?

A

Strong electrostatic attraction between positive and negative ions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How are metallic bonds formed?

A

Strong electrostatic attraction between the -ve electrons in the ‘sea of electrons’ and the +ve metal ions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How are covalent bonds formed?

A

Strong electrostatic attraction between the shared - ve electrons and the +ve protons in the nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What do ionic compounds form?

A

Giant lattice structures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are macromolecules?

A

Giant colvalent structures such as diamond, graphite, graphene and silicon dioxide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are simple covalent molecules?

A

Small molecules formed from two or more non-metals bonded together e.g. H2, CO2, H2O

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How do negative ions form?

A

Non-metals gain electrons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How do positive ions form?

A

Metals lose electrons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How do you work out the charge on a -ve ion?

A

8 - the group number

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How do you work out the charge on a +ve ion?

A

The group number

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are dot and cross diagrams?

A

Diagrams to show the movement of electrons between atoms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Name some properties of small covalent molecules?

A

Small molecules are usually gases or liquids that have relatively low melting points and boiling points. These substances have only weak forces between the molecules (intermolecular forces)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Name some properties of macromolecules?

A

Substances that consist of giant covalent structures are solids with very high melting points. All of the atoms in these structures are linked to other atoms by strong covalent bonds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Why do covalent molecules not conduct electricity?

A

Because they do not have charged particles that are free to move (exception is graphite)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is an alloy?

A

When a metal is mixed with another metal or non-metals such as carbon to alter its properties

17
Q

Why can graphite conduct electricity?

A

Because it has delocalised electrons sitting between the carbon layers. These -ve charged electrons are free to move

18
Q

How can we find the ionic formula of a compound?

A

Use the crossover rule

19
Q

What is a fullerene?

A

The fullerenes are a large class of allotropes of carbon and are made of balls, ‘cages’ or tubes of carbon atoms

20
Q

What is an allotrope?

A

Different structural forms of carbon e.g. graphite, diamond, fullerenes

21
Q

What is the abbreviation for an aqueous Solution?

A

aq

22
Q

What is the state symbol for a gas?

A

g

23
Q

What is the state symbol for a solid?

A

s

24
Q

Covalent bonding is the ……..

A

The attraction between two atoms that share one or more pairs of electrons

25
Q

Ionic bonding is……………………………

A

The electrostatic force of attraction between positively and negatively charged ions

26
Q

What are intermolecular force?

A

The attraction between one MOLECULE and a neighbouring MOLECULE

27
Q

What is the empirical formula?

A

The simplest ratio of elements in a compound

28
Q

What is a mixture?

A

When some elements or compounds are mixed together and intermingle but do not react together (i.e. no new substance is made). A mixture is not a pure substance.

29
Q

Metals conduct electricity because…..

A

They have free electrons that can move.

30
Q

Metals are strong because….

A

They have strong metallic bonds.

31
Q

Metals are malleable and ductile because…..

A

They have layers of atoms that can slide over each other.

32
Q

In covalent molecules, a pair of shared electrons form a ….. bond

A

Single bond

33
Q

In covalent molecules, two pairs of shared electrons form a ….. bond

A

Double bond

34
Q

In covalent molecules, three pairs of shared electrons form a ….. bond

A

Triple bond

35
Q

What are intramolecular forces?

A

Forces between ATOMS in a compound

36
Q

What are the states of matter?

A

Solids, liquids and gases

37
Q

Why are alloys often stronger?

A

Because the layered structure is disrupted and layers can no longer slide over each other

38
Q

A heating curve is a line graph showing the temperature of a substance plotted against the amount of energy it has absorbed. It represents the change of state of matter, typically from a solid to a liquid to a gas.

In a heating curve, what do the flat areas (plateaus) on the graph represent?

A

The flat areas represent a change in state - energy is being used to change state so you see no increase in temperature

39
Q

Is this a graph of a cooling or heating curve?

A

Cooling

Chemistry Trilogy (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions