Chapter 3

Question 1

Solid

Answer 1

A state of matter that’s structure is rigid, and the particles have almost no freedom to change position, but the particles can vibrate

Question 2

Liquid

Answer 2

A state of matter that has a definite volume, but can change shape.

Question 3

Gas

Answer 3

Gas is a state of matter in which gas particles are in a constant state of motion and rarely stick together.

Question 4

Plasma

Answer 4

A state of matter that does not have a definite shape and in which the particles have broken apart. It is similar to gas, but has some different properties from gas.

Question 5

Energy

Answer 5

The ability to change or move matter.

Question 6

Thermal energy

Answer 6

The total kinetic energy of the particles that make up an object. If the particles have more kinetic energy than it has more thermal energy.

Question 7

Evaporation

Answer 7

A substance changing from a liquid to a gas from the liquids boiling point.

Question 8

Sublimation

Answer 8

The process where a solid skips changing into a liquid and changing into a gas.

Question 9

Condensation

Answer 9

The change of a state from gas to a liquid.

Question 10

Crystalline solid

Answer 10

Crystalline solids are solids that have an orderly arrangement of atoms and examples are diamonds and ice.

Question 11

Amorphous solid

Answer 11

It is a solid that are made of atoms that have no particular order and examples are rubber and wax.

Question 12

Surface tension

Answer 12

It is a force that acts on the particles on the surface of a liquid and this causes liquids, like water, to form spherical drops.

Question 13

Kinetic energy

Answer 13

The energy of motion

Question 14

Heat

Answer 14

A transfer of energy

Question 15

Endothermic change

Answer 15

An endothermic change is a solid changing its matter into a liquid by melting.

Question 16

Exothermic change

Answer 16

An exothermic change is energy that is freed from a substance when it changes state.

Question 17

Fluid

Answer 17

A state of matter besides a solid where the atoms can be free to move past each other. Fluids are either gas or liquids.

Question 18

Buoyant force

Answer 18

The force pushing on an object floating or in a fluid.

Question 19

Pressure

Answer 19

The amount of force pushing on an object or area.

Question 20

Archimedes’ principle

Answer 20

The buoyant force pushing on an object in a fluid is equal to the weight of the fluid the object moves.

Question 21

Pascal

Answer 21

Unit used to measure pressure.

Question 22

Pascal’s principle

Answer 22

It states a fluid in equilibrium in a vessel forces a equal pressure in all directions.

Question 23

Viscosity

Answer 23

It is used to describe the resistance to flow of a gas or liquid

Question 24

Boyle’s law

Answer 24

It explains that when a fixed amount of gas is at a constant temperature and it’s volume increases then its pressure will decrease. If the pressure of the gas increases then the volume will decrease.

Question 25

Charles’s law

Answer 25

It explains that when a fixed amount of gas is at a constant pressure the volume also increases as the temperature increases . Also the volume decreases as the temperature decreases.

Question 26

Gay-Lussac’s law

Answer 26

The law explains that the pressure of gas at a constant volume is equal to the temperature.