Chapter 3 Flashcards
In Quebec’s institutions today, what are the two main languages, Churches, and land distribution systems?
- French and English
- Catholic and Protestant
- Seigneurial (rectangular) and township (square)
What type of civil and criminal law are used today in Quebec?
French civil law and British criminal law
What type of government system is Canada today?
Constitutional monarchy
The British conquest of NF was ____ and ____ vs. ______.
French and Amerindians vs. British
During the British conquest what fell to the British?
Quebec City and Montreal
When was the Treay of Utrecht signed?
1713
What part of New France were lost due to the Treaty of Utrecht?
Acadia (Nova Scotia), Hudson Bay, Newfoundland, and Iroquois territory
Due to the consequences of the Treaty of Utrecht, how did France react?
- Fortified MtL+Quebec City
- Tried settling in Louisiana, Ile Royale and Ile St. Jean
- Sending explorers to the Rocky Mountains
- Building forts along the Richelieu river+Great Lakes
- Construction of the fortress of Louisbourg
Comparison of NF and 13 colonies.
- Larger population?
- Larger territory?
- Larger military strength?
- 13 colonies
- New France
- 13 colonies
- What was NF’s economy primarily based on?
2. 13 colonies had a more diversified economy…
- Fur trade
2. Fisheries, livestock, fur trade, agriculture, ship building, iron works
Why were the Acadians deported and when?
The Governor of Nova Scotia was worried they might rebel, and then they refused to pledge allegiance to the king of England and take up arms agaisnt the French. 1755
Who invaded Quebec City in 1759?
English Gerenal James Wolfe
- How long was the Battle of the Plains of Abraham on September 12?
- Who died during this battle?
- 20 minutes
2. Both generals (Wolfe and Montcalme)
What happened to Montreal after it surrendered after the Battle of the Plains of Abraham?
It had a military regime for a while (Government directed by the military)
What treaty was signed in 1763 what changed in the size of NF territory?
Treaty of Paris
NF=islands of St. Pierre and Miquelon
During the Treaty of Paris what was secretly ceded to Spain?
Louisiana
What was the Native reaction to the Treaty of Paris?
Pontiac’s rebellion made the British realize Natives had to be considered when making territorial issues
What was the Royal Proclamation and when was it signed?
First Constitution in 1763
Due to the Royal Proclamation what was the colony renamed?
Province of Quebec
What did the Royal Proclamation change?
- British civil+criminal law
- Seigneurial system was no longer recognized
- Church tithe was lifted
- Archbishop wasn’t replaced
- Had to take the Test Act if you wanted a position in the colony’s administration
What is the Test Act?
Showed you rejected the Catholic faith and the authority of the Pope
- Who was James Murray?
2. Why did he want to modify the Royal Proclamation?
- The first Governor of the province of Quebec
2. He realized it was not realistic because 99% of the population was French-speaking and Catholic
- What did Governor James Murray modify in the Royal Proclamation?
- What was the reaction of the British merchants towards the modifications of the Royal Proclamation?
- French civil law instead of British
Suspended the need to take the Test Act - They signed a petition addressed to King George III, James was called back to Great Britain and replaced Guy Carleton, who ended up keeping Murray’s modifications
During the 18th century, Great Britain became more interventionist. What did it make the 13 colonies do?
- help pay way debts
- made the colonists trade only with its mother country
- imposed taxes
- prohibited Americans from settling in the Ohio Valley
How did the 13 colonies react to Great Britain creating more laws?
- boycott on British products
- sending petitions to London
- trying to settle in the Ohio Valley
- continued to trade with other countries
When was the Quebec Act created and why?
The Quebec Act was created in 1774 by the King of England in case the 13 colonies rebelled, then the French Canadians would stay loyal to Great Britain
Due to the Quebec Act…
- Did the Province of Quebec become larger or smaller?
- What was the Test Act replaced by?
- The freedom to practice the ___ religion was re-established and so was the right to collect _____
- Larger
- By an oath of loyalty to the King of England
- Catholic, tithes
Reactions to Quebec Act…
- Seigneurs reacted well, why?
- Did the Quebec Act help the French Canadians?
- Catholic Clergy was pleased, why?
- Why were the British merchants furious?
- allowed to collect taxes again
- not really, they were now forced to pay taxes again
- their religion was recognize and were allowed to collect tithes again
- they did not get their assembly, and they were subjected to French civil law
In 1775 the Americans wrote a letter to French Canadians, inviting them to fight agaisnt the British. Did they?
No, they stayed loyal
- In November 1775, American rebels marched on ____ and entered the city without any resistance.
- On December 31, they attacked _____ and met resistance.
- Montreal
2. Quebec City
- When the Americans declare independence from Great Britain?
- When did Great Britain recognize their independence and create the Treaty of Versailles?
- 1776
2. 1783
