CHAPTER 3

Question 1

Toward the front

Answer 1

Anterior

Question 2

Toward the back

Answer 2

Posterior

Question 3

Toward the abdomen

Answer 3

Ventral

Question 4

Toward the back

Answer 4

Dorsal

Question 5

Toward the top

Answer 5

Superior

Question 6

Toward the bottom

Answer 6

Inferior

Question 7

Toward the body

Answer 7

Proximal

Question 8

Away from the body

Answer 8

Distal

Question 9

Towards the midline

Answer 9

Medial

Question 10

Toward the side

Answer 10

Lateral

Question 11

This moves toward the central nervous system ___.

Answer 11

Afferent

Question 12

This moves way from the central nervous system ___.

Answer 12

Efferent

Question 13

How many pairs of cranial nerves are there?

Answer 13

12

Question 14

How many pairs of spinal nerves are there?

Answer 14

31

Question 15

These transport information between the brain, spinal cord, and the rest of your body ___ and ____.

Answer 15

cranial and spinal nerves

Question 16

What the three major parts of the brain?

Answer 16

Cerebrum, brain stem, and cerebellum

Question 17

Lots of efferent and afferent nerve tracts
-sensory information
-motor information
Metabolism, arousal
3 major reflex centers
are all found in the \_\_\_\_.

Answer 17

Brain stem

Question 18

Known as the little brain and regulates, coordinates motor movements.

Answer 18

Cerebellum

Question 19

Here is where conscious planning and responses, 2 hemisphere; 4 lobes and insular cortex.

Answer 19

Cerebrum

Question 20

Fine and complex motor skills and executive functions are found in the ____.

Answer 20

Frontal lobe

Question 21

Sensory and perceptual info, oral and written language comp is found in the ____.

Answer 21

Parietal Lobes

Question 22

Communication is found in the ____.

Answer 22

Temporal lobes

Question 23

Visual information and processing is found in the ____.

Answer 23

Occipital Lobe

Question 24

Intricate integration of information is called ____.

Answer 24

Interconnectedness

Question 25

Higher-level functions by cerebrum and lower level functions by spinal cord is called ____.

Answer 25

Hierarchy

Question 26

Highly specialized and specialized nerve pathways are called ____.

Answer 26

Specialization

Question 27

Organize/reorganize developmental learning injury induced is called ____.

Answer 27

Plasticity

Question 28

Periods of rapid growth injury during these times is especially damaging 3 to 4 weeks post-conception birth -5 years of age is called ___.

Answer 28

Critical period

Question 29

Three key areas of speech language and hearing are:

Answer 29

Broca's area, Wernicke's area, and Heschl's Gyrus

Question 30

This is within the left hemisphere, which is a highly specialized site for language comprehension.

Answer 30

Wernicke's area

Question 31

Located in the posterior portion of the left frontal lobe and is responsible for fine coordination of speech output.

Answer 31

Broca's area

Question 32

Located in the superior portion of the left temporal lobe and is the primary center for auditory perception and sensation.

Answer 32

Heschl's gyrus

Question 33

Brain and spinal cord make up the _____.

Answer 33

CNS

Question 34

Nerves going form brain and spinal cord to the body is called the _____.

Answer 34

PNS

Question 35

Connects to brainstem and spinal cord Voluntary and involuntary functions Cranial nerves -speech, language, hearing, and swallowing -vision, hearing, smell, and taste -7 (of 12) are most important to communication Spinal nerves -reflexes, volitional sensory and motor activity are found in the

Answer 35

PNS

Question 36

List the big seven.

Answer 36

Trigeminal, facial, acoustic, glossopharyngeal, vagus, accessory, hypoglossal

Question 37

``` Power supply -reflexive, typically involuntary -can be under voluntary control Upper respiratory system Lower respiratory system ```

Answer 37

Respiration

Question 38

In order to produce ______ more air is needed, airflow is voluntarily changed, and less air taken in than exhaled out.

Answer 38

Speech

Question 39

Nasopharynx, oropharynx, and laryngopharnx are located in the ____.

Answer 39

Pharynx

Question 40

Hyoid bone, extrinsic laryngeal muscles, instrinsic laryngeal muscles, vocal folds and cartilage are found in the ___.

Answer 40

Larynx

Question 41

What are the three areas involved with phonation?

Answer 41

Pharynx, trachea, and larynx

Question 42

Air flows from lungs through larynx = opportunity to phonate sound or phonation comes from larynx (air) Two muscles (vocal folds) adduct inside larynx -vibrate as air passes through Fundamental frequency, resonance, and pitch

Answer 42

Phonation

Question 43

Greater force of vibration = loudness/intensity Vocal quality -how clear your voicing is (not how clear your speech is or the tonal resonance) -breathiness, strain, hoarse

Answer 43

Phonation

Question 44

Motor process physical production of the speech sounds movement of articulatiors to modify the airflow resulting from phonation produce speech sounds (phonemes)

Answer 44

Articulation

Question 45

What parts of the body are involved with articulation?

Answer 45

Lips, teeth, tongue, palate, jaw, pharynx and larynx

Question 46

What are the parts of the tongue?

Answer 46

Apex, body, dorsum

Question 47

What are the parts of the palate?

Answer 47

Alveolar ridge, hard palate, soft palate

Question 48

What are the parts of the jaw?

Answer 48

Maxilla and Madible