Chapter 3

Question 0

How do fungi eat

Answer 0

They are heterotrophs, and feed by releasing digestive enzimes into their surroundings to absorb digested nutrients into their cells

Question 1

How many species of fungi exist

Answer 1

Over 100,000

Question 2

How do fungi work in the ecosystem

Answer 2

They decompose, or break down organic matter, like animal waste, logs and dead organisms. Turkey tail fungus

Question 3

Are fungi parasitic

Answer 3

Some can be, and feed off of living organisms, like athletes foot

Question 4

Can fungi be symbiotic

Answer 4

They can form symbiotic relationships w plants

Question 5

What is the morphology of fungus

Answer 5

Fungal bodies are made of hyphae, cell walls are made of a strong carbohydrate material called chitin. Also have cross walls w pores that allow to flow between cells.

Question 6

What are hyphae

Answer 6

Tiny threads of cytoplasm surrounded by a plasma membrane and covered by a cell wall, can branch and form an interwoven mat called mycelium

Question 7

What are mycelium

Answer 7

They function as the feeding structure of the fungus

Question 8

How is mycelium diff in a large mushrooms

Answer 8

Mycelium form an above ground structure called the fruiting body

Question 9

What is the fruiting body for

Answer 9

Used for reproduction

Question 10

What are the two types of reproduction

Answer 10

Asexual and sexual

Question 11

What happens in sexual reproduction of fungi

Answer 11

Hyphae break off (fragmentation), spores are released, parent cell grows new cell which eventually pinches off (budding)

Question 12

What happens in sexual reproduction

Answer 12

Hyphae have 2 sexes(+ and -), they fuse together and form a zygo spore, the zygo spore releases spores

Question 13

How many species are there in kingdom animalia

Answer 13

Over a million, in 35 major phyla

Question 14

What are the characteristics of all animals

Answer 14

Eukaryotic cells, no cell walls, multicellular, heterotrophs, mobility (@ 1 pounds not in life cycle), sexually reproduce an embryo that has stages of development.

Question 15

How does having a backbone classify animals

Answer 15

Having a backbone is a main characteristic of animal classification

Question 16

What are animals w out a backbone called

Answer 16

Invertebrates

Question 17

What is a vertebrate

Answer 17

An animal (from kingdom animalia) w a backbone

Question 18

What % of animals are inveribrates

Answer 18

95%

Question 19

What is the flow chart for kingdom plantae

Answer 19

Non-vascular or vascular – seedless plants or seeded plants – naked seeds or enclosed seeds

Question 20

What are non-vascular plants

Answer 20

Referred to as bryophytes, no vascular tissue to transport H2O and nutrients, grow low to ground in moist hab, 3 major phyla like mosses, first land plants evolved from algea

Question 21

What are seedless vascular plants

Answer 21

Vascular tissue so can grow tall, moist hab, reproduce spores, 4 major phyla horsetails and ferns, first forests mill. Yrs ago

Question 22

Seed producing vascular plants are

Answer 22

Referred to as cone-bearing or gymnosperm (naked seed), seeds not protected or enclosed In an ovary, most common conifers like pine and cedar.

Question 23

Seed producing vascular plants are

Answer 23

Referred to as flowering plants or angiosperm, reproductive structure is flower, angiosperm means flower, ovaries within flowers completely enclose and protect seeds, 90% of all plants are this, includes variety of species from grasses to maples