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biology 11 > Chapter 2 > Flashcards

Chapter 2 Flashcards

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0
Q

How do viruses reproduce

A

Invades a living cell

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1
Q

What is a virus

A

Non-cellular, lifeless particle, isn’t in any of the kingdoms and can’t make its own energy .

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2
Q

How many groups of viruses are there

A

165

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3
Q

What group of viruses attacks bacteria

A

Bacteriophages

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4
Q

Viruses are made up of 2 parts

A

Genetic material is DNA or RNA

Capsid (protective protein coat)

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5
Q

How big are viruses

A

10- 400 nm

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6
Q

What shape are viruses

A

They take on many shapes

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7
Q

What is the magnification of low, medium and high on a microscope in class

A

40x, 100x, 400x

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8
Q

What happens in the Lytic cycle

A

The virus attaches to a cell, injects the DNA/RNA into cell. The host cell makes copies of DNA/RNA and new virus capsids, the cell assembles the virus particles. Host cell bursts and releases new virus particles.

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9
Q

What is the lysogenic cycle

A

Virus attaches to cell, inserts DNA/RNA into cell. DNASE inserted/incorporated into cell’s DNA a. Cell divides (mitosis) and new cells produced contain viral DNA. Viral DNA is released and causes the cell to make new viruses, cell erupts(death of cell, stress) and releases viral particles

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10
Q

Kingdom Archaea has domain

A

Archaea

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11
Q

Kingdom Archaea morphology

A

Cocci, bacilli, spirilli

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12
Q

The cells in K. Archaea

A

Unicellular and aggregation

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13
Q

K. Archaea nutrition and habitat is

A

Methanogenesis, photosynthesis, heterotroph

Anaerobic and aerobic mostly extremophile, some mesophile

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14
Q

Reproduction of K. Archaea is

A

Binary fission and conjugation

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15
Q

K. Eubacteria has Domain and morphology

A

Eubacteria and cocci, bacilli, spirilla

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16
Q

K. Eubacteria’s cells and nutrition

A

Unicellular and aggregation

Photosynthesis heterotroph

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17
Q

K. Eubacteria habitat and reproduction

A

Anaerobic aerobic mostly mesophile some extremophile

Binary fission, conjugation, endospore

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18
Q

What is cocci

A

Spherical shaped cell

19
Q

Bacilli

A

Rod shaped cell

20
Q

Spirilla

A

Spiral shaped cell

21
Q

Aggregation

A

Grouping together of individual cells

22
Q

Methanogenesis

A

Energy making process produces methane

23
Q

Photosynthesis

A

Process uses CO2, water and sun to make glucose and O2

24
Q

Heterotroph

A

An organism that gets its energy from consuming other organisms

25
Q

Aerobic anaerobic

A

With air and without air

26
Q

Extremophile said

A

Organisms that lives in habitats considered extreme, hot springs, acid

27
Q

Mesophiles

A

Organisms that live in habitats considered moderate, compost, soil

28
Q

Binary fission

A

Asexual reproduction, cell divides into 2 separate cells

29
Q

Conjugation

A

Sexual reproduction cells exchanges plasmids

30
Q

Plasmids

A

Separate rings of DNA apart from cell’s main chromosome

31
Q

Endospore

A

Dormant bacterial cell able to survive long periods during extreme conditions. High temp. Drying out and tic chemicals

32
Q

What are protists

A

Eukaryotic organisms that do not fit into the animal, plant or fungi kingdoms

33
Q

Are protists unicellular or multicellular

A

Mostly unicellular some are multicellular

34
Q

How are kingdom Protista categorized

A

In three groups

35
Q

What are the names of the three protists groups

A

Animal like protests, plant like protists, fungus like protests

36
Q

What are animal like protests

A

Also called protozoans, heterotrophs, some are parasitic. use cilia, flagellum or cytoplasmic streaming for locomotion.

37
Q

What are the three main groups of protozoans

A

Ciliates, flagellates, cercozoans, like malaria

38
Q

Plantlike protists are

A

Called algea, autotrophs, use a variety of photosynthetic pigments w chlorophyll the most popular

39
Q

What are the common groups of algea

A

Diatoms, dinoflagellates and euglenoids (red tide)

40
Q

Fungus like protists are

A

Heterotrophs, reproduce by spores (asexual) 2main groups, slime moulds and water moulds (Irish potatoe famine)

41
Q

Which evolved into the other, of prokaryotes and eukaryotes

A

Prokaryotes evolved into eukaryotes by bringing in other cells, which became mitochondria, chloroplast etc. endosymbiosis

42
Q

What kingdom is in eubacteria

A

Kingdom eubacteria

43
Q

What domain is kingdom archaea in

A

Domain archaea

44
Q

What kingdoms does domain Eukarya have

A

Kingdoms: protista, fungi, plantae, animalia

biology 11 (10 decks)

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