Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

(Bio156) Exam 2- Study Guide > Chapter 3: 2.1/Part 1 Cell Structure And Function > Flashcards

Chapter 3: 2.1/Part 1 Cell Structure And Function Flashcards

1
Q

An instrument that magnifies an object

A

Microscope

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

True or false: The optic lens of a light microscope changes the orientation of the image. (A specimen that’s right side up and facing right will appear upside down and facing left when viewed through the microscope and vice versa)

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

True or false: staining cells will kill the cells

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

True or false: light microscopes magnify up to approximately 400 times

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

True or false: when oil immersion lenses are used magnification is usually increased 1,000 times

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

True or false: oil immersion lenses are used for the study of smaller cells, like most prokaryotic cells

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

True or false: dissecting microscopes have a lower magnification and are used to examine larger objects such as tissues

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

True or false: viewing a specimen under an electron microscope will kill it

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

True or false: when using an electron microscope, cells and other structures are usually coated with a metal like gold

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Professional who studies cells through microscopic examinations and other laboratory tests

A

Cytotechnologist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Who was a Dutch shopkeeper who had great skill in crafting lenses for microscope’s

A

Antony Van Leeuwenhoek

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Leeuwenhoek observe the movements of protists (a type of single-celled organism) and sperm termed as:

A

Animalcules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Who coined the term “cell” for the box like structures he observed when viewing cork tissues through a lens?

A

Experimental scientist Robert Hooke

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Who proposed the unified cell theory?

A

Zoologist Theodore Schwan

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

When All living things are composed of one or more cells, and the cell is the basic unit of life and all new cells arise from existing cells

A

Unified cell theory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the two broad categories for cells?

A

Prokaryotic and eukaryotic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Single-celled organisms of the domains bacteria and archaea

A

Prokaryotes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Animal cells, plant cells, fungi, and protists

A

Eukaryotes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are the four common components of cells:

A

Plasma membrane, cytoplasm, DNA, ribosomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Outer covering that separates the cells interior from its surrounding environment

A

Plasma membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Jelly-like region within the cell in which other cellular components are found

A

Cytoplasm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Genetic material of the cell

A

DNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Particles that synthesize proteins

A

Ribosomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

True or false: a prokaryotic cell lacks a nucleus or any other membrane-bound organelle

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Simple, single-celled (unicellular) organism

A

Prokaryotic cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Where is DNA found in a prokaryotic cell?

A

In a central part of the cell (a darkened region called the nucleoid)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Functions of a bacteria cell wall:

A

Acts as a layer of protection, helps the cell maintain its shape, and prevents hydration

28
Q

This cell that has a membrane-bound nucleus and other membrane bound compartments or sacs

A

Eukaryotic cell

29
Q

Membrane-bound compartments or sacs

A

Organelles

30
Q

True or false: prokaryotic cells are significantly smaller than eukaryotic cells

A

True

31
Q

True or false: as a cell becomes larger it becomes more difficult for the cell to acquire sufficient materials to support the processes inside the cell and declines

A

True

32
Q

True or false: organelles allow for various functions to occur in the cell at the same time

A

True

33
Q

What structure does a plant cell have that an animal cell does not have?

A

Chloroplast and a large central vacuole

34
Q

Site of photosynthesis in a plant cell

A

Chloroplast

35
Q

Filled with cell sap that maintains pressure against cell wall in a plant cell

A

Central vacuole

36
Q

What structure does an animal cell have that a plant cell does not have?

A

Centrosome and lysosomes

37
Q

Digests food and waste materials in an animal cell

A

Lysosome

38
Q

Microtubule organizing Center in an animal cell

A

Centrosome

39
Q

Made up of a phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins that separates the internal contents of the cell from its surrounding environment

A

Plasma membrane

40
Q

True or false: prokaryotes and eukaryotic cells both have a plasma membrane

A

True

41
Q

A lipid molecule composed of two fatty acid chains, a glycerol backbone, and a phosphate group

A

Phospho lipid

42
Q

This regulates the passage of some substances, such as organic molecules, ions and water

A

Plasma membrane

43
Q

First to observe bacteria and other microorganisms

A

Leeuwenhoek

44
Q

What similarities does the Prokaryotic Cell have with Eukaryotic Cells?

A

DNA, Cell Membrane, Ribosomes

45
Q

True or False: a Prokaryotic Cell has a nucleoid instead of a nucleaus

A

True

46
Q

Prokaryote has 3 main bacterial shapes:

A

Cocci (round), bacilis (rod) & spirilla (spiral)

47
Q

What are the three tenents of cell theory?

A
  1. All organisms consist of one or more cells, 2. Cell is the smallest structure, 3. All cells arise from pre-existing cells
48
Q

Simple nucleoid, lacks organized nucleus, Pilus, capsule

A

Prokaryote

49
Q

Larger and more complex, has a nucleus, fungi, protists

A

Eukaryotes

50
Q

Plasma membrane, cytoplasm, DNA, ribosomes are common in what?

A

Prokaryotes and eukaryotes

51
Q

Prokaryotes are associated with which domains of life?

A

Single cell

52
Q

Three main shapes of bacteria

A

C o c c i (round), B a c i l i s (rod), S p i r i l l a (spiral)

53
Q

True or false: Archaens live in extreme conditions

A

True

54
Q

This can live in high temperatures, extreme salinity, high acidity, deep ocean pressures, high levels of radiation and anywhere too harsh for other life forms to survive.

A

Archaens

55
Q

Group of membranes and organelles in eukaryotic cells that work together to modify package and transport lipids and proteins

A

Endomembrane system

56
Q

Gelatinous liquid that fills inside a cell

A

Cytoplasm

57
Q

Major components of Cytosol

A

Mostly water, some solutes (protein, salts and sugars)

58
Q

Found in a plant cell

A

Central vacuole

59
Q

Four types of microscopes

A

Light, fluorescence, transmission electron, scanning electron

60
Q

What is a light microscope?

A

Compound, most used, basic and limited

61
Q

What is a fluorescence microscope?

A

Allows to see real-time movement and specific substances/colors

62
Q

What is a transmission electron microscope?

A

Higher magnification/black and white

63
Q

What is a scanning electron microscope?

A

3D surface image

64
Q

What types of molecules can pass through a plasma membrane?

A

Non-charged, small and dissolve in lipid
Examples: O2, alcohol, steroids, carbon dioxide

65
Q

What types of molecules cannot pass through a plasma membrane?

A

Polar, larges and charged.
Examples: water, ions, and glucose

(Bio156) Exam 2- Study Guide (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions