chapter 3 2 Flashcards
— emerged in France in the mid-19th century and lasted until the early
20th century.
Impressionism
Can be considered the first distinctly modern movement in painting.
Impressionism
— was characterized by its focus on capturing the fleeting impressions
of light and colour in the natural world and was marked by its loose brushwork and
vivid, luminous colours.
Impressionism
—- sought to capture the sensory experience of the world around
them, often painting outdoors or en plein air (a French expression meaning “in the
open air”).
Impressionist artists
The —- aimed to be painters of the real life they aimed to extend the
possible subjects for paintings.
impressionist
—- is a term used to describe the reaction in the 1880s against
Impressionism. It was led by Paul Cezanne, Paul Gauguin, Vincent van Gogh and
Georges Seurat.
Post Impressionism
—- is a movement in French painting of the late 19th century that
reacted against the empirical realism of Impressionism by relying on systematic
calculation and scientific predetermined visual effects.
Neo-Impressionism
—- was both an artistic and a literary movement that suggested ideas
through symbols and emphasized the meaning behind the forms, lines, shapes, and
colors.
Symbolism
— can also be seen as being at the forefront of modernism, in that it
developed new and often abstract means to express psychological truth and the idea
that behind the physical world lay a spiritual reality.
Symbolism
—- could take the ineffable, such as dreams and visions, and give it form.
Symbolists
—– in the visual arts had its sources in early 19th-century Romanticism’s
emphasis on the imagination, rather than reason, and the themes first evident in the
writer Charles Baudelaire’s Les Fleurs du Mal (1857).
Symbolism
—- was in many ways a rection against the moralism, rationalism, and
materialism of the 1880s.
Symbolism
An offshoot of the literary Symbolism that influenced visual art was the field of art
criticism, particularly that of ——-.
Albert Aurier
In 1891 Albert Aurier wrote, in what became
essentially a Symbolist manifesto, that art should be
- Idéiste (Ideative) … expressing an idea.
- Symbolist since it expresses that idea through form.
- Synthetic since it expresses those forms and signs in a way that is generally
understandable. - Subjective since the object… is only an indication of an idea perceived by the
subject. - And as a result it will also be Decorative … since decorative painting is at once
an art that is synthetic, symbolist, and ideative.
—- (a period of
artistic or moral decline as seen in the preference for the artificial over the natural -
and by extension, the idea that even humanity was in decline).
decadence
developed first in England and soon spread to the European continent,
where it was called Jugendstil in Germany, Sezessionstil in Austria, Stile Floreale
(Stile Liberty) in Italy, and Modernismo (Modernista) in Spain.
Art Nouveau
The term ‘—-‘ was coined by a gallery in Paris that exhibited much of this
work.
Art Nouveau
—- ornamental style of art that flourished between about 1890 and 1910
throughout Europe and the United States.
Art Nouveau,
—- is characterized by its use of a long, sinuous, organic line and was
employed most often in architecture, interior design, jewelry and glass design,
posters, and illustration.
Art Nouveau
The term —- stemmed from the name of the Parisian art gallery, called “La
Maison de l’Art Nouveau”, owned by the avant-garde art collector Siegfried Bing
(1838-1905), which showcased works created in the Art Nouveau style.
“Art Nouveau”
The term —- stemmed from the name of the Parisian art gallery, called “—-“, owned by the avant-garde art collector Siegfried Bing
(1838-1905), which showcased works created in the Art Nouveau style.
La
Maison de l’Art Nouveau
two greatest graphic artists of the Art
Nouveau movement were the —-
French
lithographer Jules Cheret and designer Alphonse Mucha
—- is a style of painting that flourished in
France around the turn of the 20th century.
Fauvism
—- used pure, brilliant color aggressively
applied straight from the paint tubes to create a
sense of an explosion on the canvas.
Fauve artists
First formally exhibited in Paris in 1905, —– shocked visitors to the annual Salon
d’Automne; one of these visitors was the critic Louis
Vauxcelles, who, because of the violence of their
works, dubbed the painters fauves or “wild beasts.”
Fauvist
paintings
The —- include: a radical use
of unnatural colors that separated color from its
usual representational and realistic role, giving new,
emotional meaning to the colors; creating a strong
unified work that appears flat on the canvas;
showing individual expressions and emotions of the
painter instead of creating paintings based on
theories of what painting should look like with
objects represented as they appear in nature; and
bold brush strokes using paint straight from the tube
instead preparing and mixing it.
characteristics of Fauvism
—– is an artistic style in which the artist seeks to depict not objective
reality but rather the subjective emotions and responses that objects and events
arouse within a person.
Expressionism
In a broader sense —– is one of the main currents of art in the later 19th
and the 20th centuries, and its qualities of highly subjective, personal, spontaneous
self-expression are typical of a wide range of modern artists and art movements.
Expressionism
The term “—–” is thought to have been coined in 1910 by Czech art
historian Antonin Matejcek, who intended it to denote the opposite of Impressionism.
Expressionism
—- was a truly revolutionary style of modern
art developed by Pablo Picasso and Georges
Braque.
Cubism
The —- emphasized the flat, two-
dimensional surface of the picture plane,
rejecting the traditional techniques of
perspectives, foreshortening, modeling, and
chiaroscuro, and refuting time-honored theories
that art should imitate nature.
Cubist style
—- were not bound to copying form,
texture, color and space; instead, they presented
a new reality in paintings that depicted radically.
Cubist paintersCubist painters
The — wanted to introduce the idea of
‘relativity ‘ – how the artist perceived and
selected elements from the subject, fusing both
their observations and memories into the once
concentrated image.
Cubist
A typical —- depicts real people,
places or objects, but not from a fixed viewpoint.
Cubist painting
2 types of cubism
Analytic Cubism and Synthetic Cubism
—-, an early 20th
-century artistic movement centered in Italy, emphasized the
dynamism, speed, energy, and power of the machine and the vitality, change, and
restlessness of modern life.
Futurism
The most significant results of the movement were in the visual arts and poetry.
Futurism
— coined the word Futurism to reflect his goal of discarding the art of the past
and celebrating change, originality, and innovation in culture and society.
Marinette
— was an artistic and literary movement that began in Zurich, Switzerland.
Dadaism
Influenced by other avant garde movements-Cubism, Futurism, Constructivism, and
Expressionism-its output was wildly diverse, ranging from performance art to poetry,
photography, sculpture, painting, and collage.
Dadaism
The movement dissipated with the establishment of Surrealism, but the ideas it gave
rise to have become the cornerstones of various categories of modern and
contemporary arts.
Dadaism
Incision With The Dada Kitchen
Knife Through Germany’s Last Weimar Beer Belly Cultural
Epoch’ 1920 (Collage)
Hannah Hoch (1889-1978 )’
The — started in Europe in the
1920’s.
surrealist movement
— was first the work of poets and writers.
Surrealism
The French poet, —-, is known as the “Pope
of Surrealism”.
Andre Breton
—- is defined as Psychic automatism in its pure
state by which we propose to express – verbally, in
writing, or any other manner – the real process of
thought.
Surrealism
According to —-, “pure psychic automatism” was
the most important principle of Surrealism. Believed
that true surrealists had no real talent; they just spoke
their thoughts as they happened.
Breton
