Chapter 3 Flashcards
Why do behavior analysts use graphs?
to identify the lvl of behavior before and after treatment begins, post-intervention
What is the baseline section on the graph?
the measurement or lvl of behavior prior to intervention
What do the axis tell you about the graph?
x-axis: time
y-axis: lvl of behavior
What do the data points tell you?
lvl of behavior
What do the phase line and phase label tell you?
the phase line indicates a change has taken place and phase label tells what the change was usually baseline and treatment
What design does ABA use and explain it
single subject design which is where they only graph data for one person and they serve as the experimental and control group
What is the independent variable in the research design?
the intervention/treatment
What is the dependent variable in the research design?
the target behavior
What is a confounding variable?
an event that happened that the researcher didn’t plan to occur and might have affected the behavior
What is a functional relationship in these graphs?
change in the behavior was caused by the intervention
How is a functional relationship validated?
It is done several times and each time the treatment is implemented the behavior changes
What is the A-B design and is it a reliable graph?
it is not functional bc it is not a true research design, you have one baseline and one treatment so not enough info
When is it appropriate to use an A-B design and how should you use it
When the behavior is deadly or can hurt the client, your baseline should be long, data must be stable, the effect must be rapid after baseline, and little to no overlap between baseline and treatment points
What do the A and B stand for in these designs?
A= baseline
B= treatment
How can you describe an ABAB research design?
baseline, treatment, treatment removed so we are back to baseline, treatment readded
What should you ask yourself before using ABAB design?
is it ethical? it may not be ethical if you’re working with a severe behavior. can the lvl of behavior be reversed? you have to be fairly certain the behavior will return when treatment is removed and can you even remove the treatment after it has been implemented, like how you cant unteach something
When would you use multiple baseline across subjects design?
the same behavior you’re trying to change is happening in multiple subjects
How does the phase line look in a multiple baseline across subjects design?
a staircase
When would you use multiple baseline across behavior designs?
the same subject but you have different target behaviors
Which axis is significant in the multiple baseline across behaviors design?
the y-axis since it shows the different behaviors
When would you use multiple baseline across different settings design?
the same subject and behavior but you are trying to see the behavior in different settings ex, A.M. vs P.M.
When would you use an alternating treatment design?
when you are testing 2 treatments in rapid succession ex: Day As are treatment 1 and Day Bs are treatment 2
What is significant about changing in criterion designs?
They have a baseline and a treatmen but in the treatment phase they have criteria lvls that are symbolized by _____ to show goals for the person to reach and before they move to the next criteria lvl they have to stay on the previous one for a while
