Chapter 3 Flashcards

1
Q

main concepts of cognitive psychology

A
  1. information processing depends on mental representations
  2. mental representations undergo internal transformations
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2
Q

word superior effect

A

letters are better recognized as part of a word than within a random string of letters

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3
Q

Alzheimer’s disease

A

a degenerative vascular disorder caused by tangles within neurons and plaque build up in the brain that increases with age

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4
Q

epilepsy

A

excessive and abnormal patterned behavior in the brain; often causes seizures which are a transient loss of consciousness

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5
Q

double dissociation *

A

strongest neuropsychological evidence that a patient has a selective deficit in a certain cognitive function; done by studying two patients who have different lesions that affect different areas of the brain

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6
Q

agonist

A

pharmacological substance that activates a receptor to cause a biological activity

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7
Q

antagonist

A

pharmacological substance that blocks the activation of a receptor to prevent a biological activity

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8
Q

behavioral genetics

A

study of how genetic makeup and environment impact behavior

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9
Q

knock out procedure

A

study method that involves inactivating part of a gene

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10
Q

deep brain stimulation

A

invasive form of brain stimulation that involves implanting an electrode on the brain

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11
Q

optogenetics *

A

a protein is encoded in a virus that is selectively given to certain neurons that allows them to be ‘turned on and off’ by different light exposures

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12
Q

transcranial magnetic stimulation *

A

form of noninvasive neuronal stimulation that involves using a magnetic field to temporarily deactivate neurons

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13
Q

(rTMS) repetitive

A

(noninvasive) low frequency bursts stimulation over a long period of time- inhibitory effects

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14
Q

cTBS (continual-theta burst stimulation)

A

high frequency continuous stimulation for a shorter period of time- excitatory effects

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15
Q

ERP (event related potential)

A

measure of neuron that aligns a trial relative to an event

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16
Q

PET

A

brain scan that uses radioactive tracer distribution to see brain function

17
Q

fMRI

A

noninvasive brain scan that measure Blood Oxygenation Level Dependent signals as an indirect measure of brain activity

18
Q

connectomes

A

structural or functional connections within the brain