chapter 3

Question 1

name the major body cavities

Answer 1

• cranial cavity: brain and spinal cord
• thoracic cavity: lungs (pleural sac) and heart (pericardial sac)
• abdominopelvic cavity: abdominal cavity (digestive organs) and pelvic cavity (reproductive organs)

Question 2

name the major body compartments (functional)

Answer 2

• extracellular fluid (1/3 of total fluid): plasma in blood and interstitial fluid
• intracellular fluid (2/3 fo total fluid)

Question 3

what is each component of the cell

Answer 3

• cell membrane: regulates transport of materials in and out of cell
• cytoplasm: holding components of cell nd protecting from damage
• nucleus: repository of DNA and control center

Question 4

what are the four functions of the cell/plasma membrane

Answer 4

• physical isolation (physical barrier)
• regulation of exchange with the environment (controls entry or exit of ions, nutrients and gases)
• communication between the cell and it’s environment (proteins on cell surface recognize and respond to molecules
• structural support (attached in various ways to cell membrane. cell junction)

Question 5

describe the structure and function of the extracellular matrix

Answer 5

support made up of diverse proteins (insoluble protein fibers and protloglcans), sugars and other components. influences migration, wouldn’t healing and differentiation.

Question 6

what are the three major categories of cell junction

Answer 6

1. cell-to-cell junction
2. cell-to-matrix junction
3. strong/permanent junction
   –transient cell-to-cell junction

Question 7

what is the role of proteins in each category of cell junction

Question 8

what are the four tissue types

Answer 8

1. epithelial tissue
2. connective tissue
3. muscle tissue
4. neural tissue

Question 9

what are the five function categories of epithelia

Answer 9

1. exchange epithelium - allow movement through and between cells (tin and flat)
2. transporting - move substances between a lumen and EFC
3. ciliated - fluid currents that sweep across the epithelial surface
4. protective - stacked layers in the skin for protection
5. secretory - make and release product/secretions in and out of the body (hormones in and mucous out)

Question 10

what are the five main categories of connective tissue

Answer 10

1. loose connective - flexible with multiples cell and fiber types
2. bone and cartilage - bone forms hard and cartilage is firm and flexible
3. dense regular - collagen fibers densely packed into parallel bundles
4. blood - plasma (liquid matrix), red and whit blood cells
5. adipose tissue - white fat filled with lipid droplets (breast tissue)

Question 11

what are the three types of muscle tissue

Answer 11

excitable tissue that produced action potentials
1. cardiac muscle - branches
2. skeletal muscle - tube like
3. smooth muscle - pinched ends (bicep)

Question 12

what are the two types of neural tissue

Answer 12

1. neurons - carry information throughout the body
2. glial - support cells for neurons