Chapter 3 Flashcards
Information processing theory
Brain is receiver and processor of info, instructions of movement are stored in the brain and are retrieved to send motor signals to appropriate muscles
- Top-down control system
- Generalized motor program: pattern of movements that are modifiable to produce a movement outcome
Generalized Motor Program - invariant features
- Sequence of action
- Relative timing
- Relative force
Generalized motor program - parameters
- Muscle selection
- Overall duration
- Overall force
- Movement direction
Closed-loop control
Feedback, thermostat example
Ex: balance
Open-loop control
No feedback, rapid
Ex: basketball throw
Fitt’s law
Higher accuracy with slower response speed
Ecological Approach
Task specific
1. Direct perception
2. Information - movement coupling
3. Affordances
4. Repetition without repetition
Movement-coupling
Perception is coupled with movement
- skill lives in relationship of performer-environment
Ex: running to catch a ball
Affordance
Perceiving and acting is guided by body scale ratio
Ex: kids going up stairs
Repetition without repetition
Practice in high variability consists for consistent shot trajectory
Dynamic systems approach
Movement is controlled by more than the CNS, interactions between individual, environment, and task, self organization
1. Constraints
2. Self-organization
3. Attractors
4. Control parameters
5. Rate limiters
6. Phase shift
Individual constrains
Structural: body structure (height, muscle mass)
Functional: related to behaviors function (psychological, arousal level, focus)
Environmental Constraints
Physical: external conditions
Sociocultural: social norms/pressures
Task constraints
Goals of movement
Rules
Equipment
Phase shift
Change behavior to attain a new stable/attractor state
