Chapter 3 Flashcards
What nervous system contains the brain & spinal cord?
Central Nervous System
What nervous system connects the brain & spinal cord to the rest of the body?
Peripheral Nervous System
What system is the somatic nervous system part of?
Peripheral nervous system
What system is the autonomic nervous system part of?
Central Nervous System
What system controls the heart, intestines, & other organs?
Autonomic nervous system
_ means toward the back, while _ means toward the stomach
Dorsal; Ventral
A collection of cell bodies of the afferent sensory fibers located outside of the spinal cord is the _
Dorsal Root Ganglia
What are the dorsal root ganglia & where are they located?
afferent sensory fibers outside of the spinal cord
What is the difference between white matter & grey matter?
White matter has a high concentration of myelin, whereas grey matter axons are not very myelinated
What are the sympathetic & parasympathetic nervous system a part of?
The autonomic nervous system
What system prepares the body for “fight or flight” by increasing heart rate & decreasing digestive activity?
Sympathetic nervous system
What is also known as the “rest and digest” system?
Parasympathetic nervous system
What do the sympathetic nervous system axons release?
Norepinephrine
What part of the brain consists of the medulla, pons, & cerebellum?
Hindbrain
What part of the brain contains the superior & inferior colliculi?
Midbrain
Where is the limbic system located?
Cerebrum
Which area is the main source of sensory input (besides olfaction) to the cerebral cortex?
Thalamus
What is the role of the hypothalamus?
To convey messages to the pituitary gland, altering its release of hormones
Damage to the _ impairs movement & may cause Parkinson’s & Huntington’s disease
Basil ganglia
What is the function of the dorsal roots of the spinal cord?
They receive sensory input
What does the parasympathetic nervous system do?
Controls vegetative activities, increase digestion, & decreases heart rate
What do the ventricles contain?
Cerebrospinal fluid
The cells on the outside of the cerebral cortex are _ matter & their axons extending inward are _ matter
Gray, White
What controls movements of the contralateral side of the body?
Primary Motor Cortex
Which lobe includes the primary motor cortex?
Frontal lobe
When does binding occur in the brain?
When you perceive two sensations happening at the same time & in approx. the same place
What is the binding problem?
The question of how we perceive diff sensations as part of a single object
What part of the cortex is important for working memory & decision making?
Prefrontal cortex
Damage by means of a stereotaxic instrument for precise electrode placement in the brain is known as
A lesion
What is the difference between an MEG & an EEG?
An EEG records electrical activity of the brain, an MEG measures the magnetic field
If you were trying to detect a brain tumor, what would you do?
CT/Cat Scan
What is the difference between an ablation & a lesion?
Ablation is the removal of a brain area with a surgical knife, a lesion is controlled damage in laboratory animals
What is a method to inactivate a brain area temporarily?
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)
Q: What does the optogenetic technique enable researchers to test?
The functions of a neuron
What are EEG’s & MEG’s both good for measuring?
Changes in brain activity over a short period of time
