Chapter 3

Question 1

What is ethics?

Answer 1

code of moral principles that set standards

Question 2

What is ethical behavior?

Answer 2

accepted as good and right

Question 3

legal behavior is not necessarily…

Answer 3

ethical behavior

Question 4

what helps determine individual ethical behavior?

Answer 4

personal values

Question 5

What are terminal values?

Answer 5

preferences about desired ends

Question 6

what are instrumentals values?

Answer 6

preferences regarding the means to desired ends

Question 7

What are the 4 views of ethical behavior?

Answer 7

individualism, utilitarian, justice, moral rights

Question 8

what is individualism?

Answer 8

promote ones long-term self-interests

Question 9

what is utilitarian?

Answer 9

to do the greatest good for the most people

Question 10

what is justice?

Answer 10

show fairness and impartiality

Question 11

what is moral rights?

Answer 11

maintain fundamental rights of all human beings

Question 12

What is the justice view based on?

Answer 12

procedural, distributive, interactional, commutative

Question 13

what is cultural relativism?

Answer 13

justifies a decision if it conforms to local values, laws and practices

Question 14

what is moral absolutism?

Answer 14

justifies a decision only if it conforms to the ways of the home country

Question 15

What are ethical dilemmas?

Answer 15

choices which provide potential for personal and organizational benefit - may be considered unethical

Question 16

What are 4 reasons people use to rationalize unethical behavior?

Answer 16

1. not illegal
2. everyone’s best interest
3. nobody will know
4. my organization will stand behind me

Question 17

What influences ethical decision making?

Answer 17

personal values, situation, person, environment, organization

Question 18

What was Lawrence Kohlberg’s 3 levels of development?

Answer 18

preconventional, conventional, and post conventional

Question 19

what happens at the preconventional level?

Answer 19

avoid harm and make deals for personal gain

Question 20

what happens at the conventional level?

Answer 20

act consistently with peers and follow rules

Question 21

What happens at the post conventional level?

Answer 21

live up to societal expectations and act according to internal principles

Question 22

What is moral management?

Answer 22

“must walk the talk”

Question 23

immoral

Answer 23

behaves unethically

Question 24

amoral

Answer 24

fails to consider ethics of behavior

Question 25

moral

Answer 25

ethical behavior is a personal goal

Question 26

What is ethics training?

Answer 26

a structured program - implement ethical standards into daily life

Question 27

What is codes or ethical conduct?

Answer 27

organizations values and principles that set expectations - punishment for those who fail

Question 28

What are the areas covered by codes of ethics ?

Answer 28

illegal acts, customer/coworker relationships, honesty of records, confidentiality

Question 29

What are whistleblowers?

Answer 29

expose misdeed of others to preserve ethical standards, protect against harmful or illegals acts

Question 30

what are barriers of whistleblowers?

Answer 30

strict chain of command, strong work group identities, ambiguous priorities

Question 31

What is corporate social responsibility?

Answer 31

to act in ways that serve the interest of multiple stakeholders - including society at large

Question 32

What is stewardship?

Answer 32

Always respect and protect the interests of organizational stakeholders

Question 33

What is triple bottom line?

Answer 33

economic, social, and environmental performance - profit, people, planet

Question 34

What are the views on corporate social responsibility?

Answer 34

socioeconomic and classical

Question 35

what is the socioeconomic view?

Answer 35

responsibility increases long-run profits, improves public image and resources

Question 36

what is the classical view?

Answer 36

reduces business profits and creates higher business costs, dilutes business purposes, gives to much social power to business

Question 37

What is creating shared values?

Answer 37

not just about profit - understanding that economic and social progress are interconnected

Question 38

what is the virtuous circle?

Answer 38

socially responsible actions improve financial performance which lead to even more socially responsible actions in the future

Question 39

What is a social business?

Answer 39

business model that addresses social problems such as hunger and poverty

Question 40

what are social entreprenuers?

Answer 40

create business that help to solve pressing social problems

Question 41

How do you measure social responsibility?

Answer 41

a social responsibility audit

Question 42

what is a social responsibility audit?

Answer 42

organizations performance in various areas - ranges from compliance to conviction

Question 43

what is the zone of compliance?

Answer 43

economic responsibility - be profitable

legal responsibility - obey the law

Question 44

what is the zone of conviction?

Answer 44

ethical responsibility - do what is right

discretionary responsibility - contribute to community

Question 45

What is sustainable?

Answer 45

respects future generations and the right to their worlds natural resources - meets needs of customer and protects natural environment

Question 46

what is sustainable development?

Answer 46

uses natural resources that todays needs are met - preserved for future generations (land, water, minerals)

Question 47

What does new thinking add?

Answer 47

social and human sustainability to the concepts of ecological and environmental sustainability