Chapter 29 Flashcards
What was Lenin’s NEP?
New Economic Policy Compromise with the Russian peasants Destructive Civil War- restore the economy End forced requisition of grain Small scale private business and trade
Who was Mussolini?
A veteran of WWI and former socialist, organized other veterans into fascist political movement and used violence to intimidate socialists
What was Fascism?
Single party/ruler Condemns democracy Capitalism for the state needs Corporate state Aggressive nationalism Social Darwinism Glorifies war
What was the Lateran Agreement?
Mussolini shows support for the Pope and the Catholic Church
How did Mussolini use fascism?
“Everything is the state, nothing outside the state, nothing against the state”
Abolish freedom of press, fixed elections, ruled by decree, arrest opponents, no labor unions (private), fascists in schools
Corporate economy
Not totalitarian- still some control in big business, church, and the army
What were the goals of Stalin’s 5 year plan?
"Second Revolution" Stamp out any traces of NEP capitalism Raise production Industrialize and catch up to the West Make peasants pay for the revolution Collectivization- economic and human disaster- deported, murdered, and starved
What were the results of collective agriculture?
Not better production
Movement of surplus rural laborers to the city
Destruction of the rural middle class
Increase power of the Communist state
What were the results of the 5 year plan?
Soviet heavy industry preoduced 4 times as much in 1937 than in 1928
Why was Stalin’s industrialization successful?
Decrease in domestic consumption
Extensive labor discipline
Foreign experts
Crush independent labor unions
Who inspired Hitler in Vienna?
Mayor Karl Lueger
What did Mien Kampf say?
Hitler’s book
anti-antisemitism (race), Germany’s need to conquer living space (lebensraum), the necessity of a leader-dictator (Fuhrer) with unlimited power, and that the masses were driven by fanaticism, not knowledge
What were Hitler’s main claims/slogans?
National rebirth
Emphasis on young Germans and the future
The need for government programs to bring about economic recovery
Crimes of the treaty of Versailles
What was the Enabling Act?
4 years of dictatorial power for Hitler after the Reichstag fire
Why was Hitler popular?
Military and public works spending improved profits for business and real wages for workers
Hitler’s strong sense of nationalism
Propaganda said it would become egalitarian- wasn’t really
Domestic policies- modest degree of social mobility , elimination of unemployment, improvement in the average standard of living, and large-scale Jewish emigration
BASED MAINLY ON
-Economic recovery
-Perception of greater equality and social mobility for all Germans
-High success in foreign policy
-High employment and rising real wages
What was Germany’s first act of aggression?
Proclaims peaceful intentions- withdraws from League of Nations
Rhineland, Austria, and Sudetenland- appeasement
ALL OF CZECHOSLOVAKIA AND TRIED FOR POLAND-NO MOTIVE THERE
