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Cai A&P 2 > Chapter 28 Reproductive System 2.0 > Flashcards

Chapter 28 Reproductive System 2.0 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the function of gonads in the male and female reproductive systems?

A) Production of hormones
B) Transportation of gametes
C) Formation of new individuals
D) Protection of gametes

A

A) Production of hormones

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2
Q

Which sex cells are produced by the gonads in males and females?

A) Sperm in males and ova in females
B) Ova in males and sperm in females
C) Zygotes in males and females
D) Embryos in males and females

A

A) Sperm in males and ova in females

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3
Q

What do the accessory reproductive organs in both males and females facilitate?

A) Formation of new individuals
B) Production of hormones
C) Transportation of gametes
D) Protection of gonads

A

C) Transportation of gametes

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4
Q

What hormone is responsible for initiating puberty?

A) Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
B) Luteinizing hormone (LH)
C) Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)
D) Sex hormones

A

C) Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)

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5
Q

Which gland is responsible for releasing FSH and LH?

A) Hypothalamus
B) Anterior pituitary
C) Thyroid gland
D) Adrenal gland

A

B) Anterior pituitary

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6
Q

What is the role of FSH and LH in puberty?

A) They stimulate the development of secondary sexual characteristics.
B) They promote the growth of gametes.
C) They regulate body temperature.
D) They control the release of GnRH.

A

B) They promote the growth of gametes.

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7
Q

Which of the following is responsible for determining the sex of an individual?

A) Autosomes
B) X chromosome
C) Y chromosome
D) Both X and Y chromosomes

A

D) Both X and Y chromosomes

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8
Q

Which chromosomes contain genes responsible for most of the human characteristics, such as height, eye color, and hair color?

A) Autosomes
B) X chromosome
C) Y chromosome
D) Sex chromosomes

A

A) Autosomes

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9
Q

What is the role of the SRY gene in human development?

A) It determines the height and body size of an individual.
B) It regulates the production of sex hormones in males.
C) It determines the eye color and hair color of an individual.
D) It is responsible for the development of female reproductive organs.

A

B) It regulates the production of sex hormones in males

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10
Q

Which type of cell undergoes mitosis?

A) Somatic cells
B) Sex cells
C) Gametes
D) Zygotes

A

A) Somatic cells

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11
Q

What is the result of mitosis?

A) Formation of diploid daughter cells
B) Formation of haploid daughter cells
C) Formation of genetically unique daughter cells
D) Formation of zygotes

A

A) Formation of diploid daughter cells

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12
Q

What is the main difference between mitosis and meiosis?

A) Mitosis occurs in somatic cells, while meiosis occurs in sex cells.
B) Mitosis forms diploid daughter cells, while meiosis forms haploid daughter cells.
C) Mitosis results in genetically identical daughter cells, while meiosis results in genetically unique daughter cells.
D) Mitosis involves crossing over, while meiosis does not.

A

C) Mitosis results in genetically identical daughter cells, while meiosis results in genetically unique daughter cells.

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13
Q

Which hormone is responsible for the development of ovarian follicles during oogenesis?

A) GnRH
B) FSH
C) LH
D) Estrogen

A

B) FSH

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14
Q

What is the role of LH in oogenesis?

A) It stimulates follicle development.
B) It triggers ovulation.
C) It promotes the release of GnRH.
D) It regulates estrogen production.

A

B) It triggers ovulation.

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15
Q

What is the function of GnRH in oogenesis?

A) It stimulates the release of FSH and LH.
B) It promotes follicle development.
C) It triggers the maturation of oocytes.
D) It inhibits the release of estrogen.

A

A) It stimulates the release of FSH and LH.

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16
Q

During which stage of follicular development does the primary oocyte contain a single layer of flattened follicular cells?
A) Primordial follicle
B) Primary follicle
C) Secondary follicle
D) Antral follicle

A

: A) Primordial follicle

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17
Q

Which stage of follicular development is characterized by the presence of multiple layers of granulosa cells enclosing the primary oocyte?
A) Primordial follicle
B) Primary follicle
C) Secondary follicle
D) Antral follicle

A

B) Primary follicle

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18
Q

At which stage of follicular development does the oocyte have multiple layers of granulosa cells and the presence of a small antrum?
A) Primary follicle
B) Secondary follicle
C) Antral follicle
D) Mature follicle

A

C) Antral follicle

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19
Q

Which follicle contains a primary oocyte surrounded by a single layer of cuboidal granulosa cells?
a) Primordial follicle
b) Primary follicle
c) Secondary follicle
d) Antral follicle

A

b) Primary follicle

20
Q

Which follicle contains a secondary oocyte surrounded by multiple layers of granulosa cells and develops a large antrum?
a) Primary follicle
b) Secondary follicle
c) Antral follicle
d) Mature follicle

A

d) Mature follicle

21
Q

Which structure is a white connective tissue scar, a remnant of a degenerated corpus luteum?
a) Primordial follicle
b) Corpus luteum
c) Corpus Albicans
d) Antral follicle

A

c) Corpus Albicans

22
Q

Which phase of the ovarian cycle is characterized by the maturation of primary follicles and the release of inhibin to inhibit excessive follicle development?
a) Follicular phase
b) Ovulation
c) Luteal phase
d) Menstruation

A

a) Follicular phase

23
Q

When does ovulation occur in the ovarian cycle?
a) During the follicular phase
b) During the luteal phase
c) On the 14th day of a 28-day cycle
d) During menstruation

A

c) On the 14th day of a 28-day cycle

24
Q

What is the role of the corpus luteum during the luteal phase?
a) It releases FSH and LH to stimulate ovulation
b) It secretes progesterone and estrogen to stabilize the uterine lining
c) It is responsible for the shedding of the uterine lining during menstruation
d) It develops into an antral follicle

A

b) It secretes progesterone and estrogen to stabilize the uterine lining

25
Q

Which structure is responsible for attaching the ovaries to their hilum and providing protection and support?
a) Ovarian ligament
b) Suspensory ligament
c) Mesovarium
d) Ovarian artery

A

c) Mesovarium

26
Q

The fibrous connective tissue that attaches the ovaries to the lateral wall of the uterus is called:
a) Ovarian artery
b) Suspensory ligament
c) Mesovarium
d) Ovarian ligament

A

d) Ovarian ligament

27
Q

Which ligament is responsible for the attachment of the lateral edge of the ovaries and projects superolaterally to the pelvic wall?
a) Ovarian artery
b) Ovarian ligament
c) Mesovarium
d) Suspensory ligament

A

d) Suspensory ligament

28
Q

During which phase of the uterine cycle does sloughing of the endometrial lining occur?
a) Menstrual phase
b) Proliferative phase
c) Secretory phase

A

a) Menstrual phase

29
Q

Which phase of the uterine cycle is marked by the development of a new endometrial lining?
a) Menstrual phase
b) Proliferative phase
c) Secretory phase

A

b) Proliferative phase

30
Q

Which hormone is primarily responsible for the development of uterine glands and increased vascularization during the uterine cycle?
a) Estrogen
b) Progesterone
c) Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

A

b) Progesterone

31
Q

Which hormone is responsible for the initiation of the ovarian cycle?
a) Luteinizing hormone (LH)
b) Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
c) Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)

A

c) Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)

32
Q

What is the role of inhibin in the ovarian cycle?
a) Inhibit the production of progesterone
b) Inhibit the secretion of estrogen
c) Inhibit the secretion of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

A

c) Inhibit the secretion of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

33
Q

What is the function of the corpus luteum in the ovarian cycle?
a) Secretion of progesterone, estrogen, and inhibin
b) Stimulation of ovulation
c) Initiation of the LH surge

A

a) Secretion of progesterone, estrogen, and inhibin

34
Q

Which phase of the menstrual cycle is characterized by the development of a mature follicle and the start of the proliferative phase?
a) Menstruation
b) Proliferative phase
c) Ovulation
d) Secretory phase

A

b) Proliferative phase

35
Q

What hormone is responsible for initiating the growth of the stratum functionalis of the endometrium?
a) Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
b) Luteinizing hormone (LH)
c) Estrogen
d) Progesterone

A

c) Estrogen

36
Q

Which hormone is released in response to the LH surge and triggers ovulation?
a) Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
b) Luteinizing hormone (LH)
c) Progesterone
d) Inhibin

A

b) Luteinizing hormone (LH)

37
Q

The mammary gland undergoes changes in response to increased secretion of which hormone?
a) Estrogen
b) Progesterone
c) Prolactin
d) Oxytocin

A

c) Prolactin

38
Q

What is the function of alveoli in the mammary gland?
a) Production of estrogen
b) Production of progesterone
c) Production of milk
d) Production of oxytocin

A

c) Production of milk

39
Q

Which hormone is responsible for the ejection of milk from the breast?
a) Estrogen
b) Progesterone
c) Prolactin
d) Oxytocin

A

d) Oxytocin

40
Q

What is the process called by which the sperm develops inside the testis?
a) Oogenesis
b) Spermatogenesis
c) Meiosis
d) Mitosis

A

b) Spermatogenesis

41
Q

What is the term for the last phase of spermatogenesis?
a) Spermatogenesis
b) Oogenesis
c) Spermiogenesis
d) Gametogenesis

A

c) Spermiogenesis

42
Q

What is the function of the acrosome in the sperm?
a) It contains the mitochondria for energy supply.
b) It elongates the nucleus of the spermatid.
c) It produces digestive enzymes for fertilization.
d) It forms the flagellum of the sperm.

A

c) It produces digestive enzymes for fertilization.

43
Q

What is the process by which the sperm develops inside the testis called?
a) Gametogenesis
b) Spermatogenesis
c) Oogenesis
d) Meiosis

A

b) Spermatogenesis

44
Q

What is the origin of sperm in the process of spermatogenesis?
a) Spermatogonia
b) Oogonia
c) Primary oocytes
d) Primordial germ cells

A

a) Spermatogonia

45
Q

When does oogenesis usually start?
a) Puberty
b) Fetal stage
c) Childhood
d) Adult stage

A

b) Fetal stage

46
Q

What is the role of the ejaculatory duct in the reproductive duct system?
a) Conduction of sperm from the ductus deferens and seminal fluid into the prostatic urethra
b) Storage of sperm until maturation
c) Transportation of semen from the ejaculatory ducts to the outside of the body
d) Formation of the ampulla of the ductus deferens

A

a) Conduction of sperm from the ductus deferens and seminal fluid into the prostatic urethra

47
Q

What is the function of the epididymis?
a) Storage of sperm until maturation
b) Conduction of sperm from the ductus deferens
c) Transportation of semen from the ejaculatory ducts
d) Formation of the ampulla of the ductus deferens

A

a) Storage of sperm until maturation

Cai A&P 2 (5 decks)

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