Chapter 28 - Organic Synthesis

Question 1

C-C bond formation through

Answer 1

• Friedel-Crafts reactions (alkylation and acylation of benzene)
• forming nitriles

Question 2

nitriles have?

Answer 2

C triple bond N

Question 3

can’t use ? in mechanisms?

Answer 3

skeletal formula

Question 4

reducing agents: strong to weak

Answer 4

H2 (g) ➡ Ni catalyst ➡ NaBH4 (aq) ➡ (aromatic: conc HCl and Sn)

Question 5

oxidising agents: strong to weak?

Answer 5

acidified potassium dichromate ➡ Ag+ in Tollen’s

Question 6

Reactions of nitriles?

Answer 6

• Nitriles are very useful intermediates
• Can undergo further reactions
• can be reduced to form amines and
• undergo hydrolysis to form CA

Question 7

reduction of a nitrile?

Answer 7

• react nitrile w H2
• Ni catalyst
• high T and P
• forms —yl amine

be careful, C=C is hydrogenated too

Question 8

remember than in acidic conditions?

Answer 8

basic groups e.g. amine accept H, become + charged

Question 9

hydrolysis of a nitrile?

Answer 9

• add 2H2O

* forms CA and ammonium salt

Question 10

If there’s extra Cs in products?

Answer 10

nitrile

Question 11

IR spec write the

Answer 11

ranges w the bonds

Question 12

polyamides =

Answer 12

fibres