Chapter 27 - Amines, Amino Acids, Polymers Flashcards
1° amines?
have one alkyl chain attached to the N (so 2H too)
2° amines?
have 2 alkyl chains attached to the N (so 1 H)
3° amines?
have 3 alkyl chains (so no H) attached to the N
how to name short primary amines?
- alkyl prefix
- then add ending amine
how to name short secondary and tertiary amines?
- di/tri alkyl ➡ how many alkyl groups attached to the N
- amine ending
how to name longer amines?
- amino prefix
- name the rest of the chain as usual
benzene and an amine gr is?
phenylamine
pH of amines?
- 9/10
- weak alkaline
amines solubility?
- can bond w water
- weak IDFs between molecules, easy to overcome
as C chain length ⬆, the solubility of the amine ?
solubility ⬇ as C chain length ⬆ as IDFs increase so the organic molecule stays bonded together
ammonia + water reversible ➡
NH4+ + OH-
formation of ammonia?
N2(g) + 3H2 (g) RA 2NH3(g)
- the haber process
- Fe(s) catalyst
ammonia acting a base equation?
NH3 + H2O ➡ NH4+
When ammonia acts as a base?
ammonium salt formed
structure of ammonia?
pyramidal, 107°
structure of methylamine?
pyramidal, 107°around N
109.5°, tetrahedral around C
Amines also react with acids to ?
form ammonium salts
amine groups mean?
H bonds between molecules
phenylamine?
has higher e- density than benzene bc of NH2
neutralisation?
if there r 2 N, then 2 protons (H+) are added
aliphatic =
chains and rings but NOT benzene rings
aromatic =
benzene ring
preparation of 1° aliphatic amines?
R: DRY (to stop alcohol formation) NH3 in excess (to prevent further subs)
C: in ethanol, reflux
CH3Cl + 2NH3 ➡ CH3NH2 + NH4Cl
preparation of 1° aliphatic amines: why is ammonia left w + charge?
one e- from lone pair went to C in bond