Chapter 28 Flashcards
active immunity
introduction of immunity by infection or with a vaccine
acquired active immunity
occurs when the person is exposed to a live pathogen, develops the disease, and becomes immune as a result of the primary immune response
adenoids
pharyngeal tonsils
allergen
any substance capable of causing an allergic reaction
allergy
hypersensitivity to a normally harmless substance
anaphylaxis
extreme, often life-threatening response to an antigen or allergen; also called anaphylactic shock
antibodies
specialized proteins that lock onto and have the ability to neutralize specific antigens
antibody-mediated response
immune response in which B lymphocytes produce antibodies that seek out and destroy foreign antigens; also called humoral immunity
antigen
foreign substance that invades the body
artificially acquired active immunity
immunity that is induced by a vaccine
autoimmune diseases
inflammatory reactions caused when the immune system produces antibodies that stick to the body’s own cells, resulting in damage to the body’s own cells and in the body attacking itself
B lymphocytes
cells responsible for production of circulating antibodies that attack and destroy foreign antigens; see also antibody-mediated response
cell-mediated response
immune response in which T lymphocytes directly bind with and destroy foreign antigens
chemotherapy
use of chemicals, including drugs, to treat or control infections and diseases such as cancer
chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS)
immune system disorder of unknown origin that
causes depression, sleep disorders, and lack of energy
complement
group of proteins activated by antibodies that assist in destroying bacteria, viruses, and infected cells