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Chapter Vocabulary > Chapter 26 > Flashcards

Chapter 26 Flashcards

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1
Q

amblyopia

A

—a disorder in children caused by the eye muscles being weaker in one eye; also called lazy eye (26)

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2
Q

aqueous humor

A

—watery fluid that fills the anterior cavity of the eyeball (26)

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3
Q

astigmatism

A

—refractive eye disorder in which irregularities in the curvature of the cornea cause light not to focus on the retina but to spread out over an area and cause overall blurring of vision (26)

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4
Q

audiology

A

—study of hearing disorders (26)

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5
Q

auditory meatus

A

—auditory canal; tube that carries sound waves from the outer ear to the tympanic membrane (26)

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6
Q

canthus

A

—either of the two corners of the eye where the upper and lower eyelids meet (26)

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7
Q

cataract

A

—clouding over the lens of the eye; prevents light from entering (26)

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8
Q

cerumen

A

—earwax (26)

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9
Q

choroid

A

—membrane that lines the sclera and absorbs extra light entering the eye (26)

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10
Q

ciliary body

A

—part of the middle layer of the surface of the eyeball that holds and moves the lens (26)

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11
Q

cochlea

A

—bony spiral-shaped structure that forms a portion of the inner ear (26)

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12
Q

cones

A

—photosensitive cells in the retina that respond to bright light and are used in color vision (26)

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13
Q

conjunctiva

A

—protective mucous membrane lining the underside of the eyelid and the anterior part of the eyeball (26)

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14
Q

conjunctivitis

A

—an inflammation of the conjunctiva frequently caused by a virus, bacteria, sexually transmitted infections (STIs), allergens, and irritants; also called pinkeye (26)

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15
Q

cornea

A

—clear, transparent covering of the eye; frequently referred to as the “window” of the eye because it allows light to enter (26)

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16
Q

corneal abrasion

A

—lesion or abrasion on the cornea that results from injury or infection (26)

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17
Q

diabetic retinopathy

A

—disease of the retina secondary to diabetes mellitus (26)

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18
Q

diplopia

A

—double vision (26)

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19
Q

Eustachian tube

A

—auditory tube that extends from the middle ear to the nasopharynx (26)

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20
Q

fovea centralis retinae

A

—pit in the middle of the macula lutea that contains only cones (26)

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21
Q

fundus

A

—floor of the tympanic cavity (26)

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22
Q

glaucoma

A

—condition caused by an increase in the amount of pressure in the eye, leading to an excessive amount of aqueous humor that can lead to damage of the optic nerve and eventually blindness (26)

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23
Q

hordeolums

A

—inflamed glands of the eyelid, often caused by a bacterial infection that appears as a pus-filled swelling at the base of the eyelash; also called sties (26)

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24
Q

hyperopia

A

—farsightedness (26)

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25
Q

hypertensive retinopathy

A

—retinal disease caused by high blood pressure (26)

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26
Q

impacted cerumen

A

—earwax that becomes hardened and can impair hearing (26)

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27
Q

incus

A

—bone in the middle ear shaped like an anvil (26)

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28
Q

insufflation

A

—introduction of gas, vapor, or powder into a cavity (26)

29
Q

iris

A

—part of the middle layer of the eyeball containing the pigment (color) and a “hole” in the center (pupil), which controls the amount of light entering the eye (26)

30
Q

labyrinth

A

—located in the inner ear, these bony and membranous structures contain receptors for hearing and equilibrium (26)

31
Q

lacrimal apparatus

A

—structures that produce, store, and remove tears (26)

32
Q

lacrimal canaliculi

A

—ducts at the inner corner of each eye that collect and drain tears into the lacrimal sac (26)

33
Q

Lacrimal gland

A

—gland above the outer corner of the eye that secretes tears onto the surface of the conjunctiva of the upper lid (26)

34
Q

lacrimal sac

A

—part of the lacrimal duct that collects tears and empties into the nasolacrimal duct (26)

35
Q

lens

A

—colorless structure suspended behind the iris that sharpens the focus of light rays onto the retina (26)

36
Q

limbus

A

—area of the eye where the cornea and sclera meet (26)

37
Q

macula lutea

A

—yellow spot on the back of the eye (26)

38
Q

macular degeneration

A

—deterioration of the central portion of the retina (26)

39
Q

malleus

A

—bone in the middle ear that is shaped like a hammer (26)

40
Q

Ménière’s disease

A

—condition of the inner ear characterized by vertigo, tinnitus, fluctuating hearing loss, and pressure or pain in the affected ear (26)

41
Q

myopia

A

—nearsightedness (26)

42
Q

nasolacrimal duct

A

—duct that drains lacrimal fluid into the nasal cavity (26)

43
Q

nystagmus

A

—involuntary, repetitive, rhythmic movements of the eye; also called nystaxis (26)

44
Q

optic disk

A

—area of the retina where the optic nerve enters (26)

45
Q

optic nerve

A

—nerve that carries information from the eye to the brain (26)

46
Q

orbit

A

—cavity in the skull that houses each eyeball (26)

47
Q

ossicles

A

—small bones, such as the incus, malleus, and stapes in the ear (26)

48
Q

otitis media

A

—inflammation of the middle ear caused by viral or bacterial infections (26)

49
Q

otosclerosis

A

—condition in which the tissue surrounding the bone of the stapes grows abnormally around it, preventing it from transmitting sound vibrations to the inner ear and resulting in profound hearing loss (26)

50
Q

palpebral fissure

A

—opening between the eyelids (26)

51
Q

papilledema

A

—inflammation of the optic nerve (26)

52
Q

pinna

A

—visible portion of the ear outside the head; also called auricle (26)

53
Q

presbycusis

A

—hearing loss from gradual deterioration of the sensory receptors located in the cochlea, associated with aging (26)

54
Q

presbyopia

A

—the loss of elasticity in the eye’s lens, usually as a result of aging that causes an inability to focus on objects at close range (26)

55
Q

pupil

A

—”hole” in the center of the iris that controls the amount of light entering the eye (26)

56
Q

refraction

A

—process of light rays changing direction when they pass through the eye (26)

57
Q

retina

A

—innermost layer of the eye containing rods and cones, which translate light into nerve impulses (26)

58
Q

retinal detachment

A

—separation of the retina from the underlying choroid layer (26)

59
Q

rods

A

—photosensitive cells in the retina that respond to dim light and are used in night vision (26)

60
Q

sclera

A

—part of the outer layer of the eyeball; also called white of the eye (26)

61
Q

stapes

A

—stirrup-shaped ear bone (26)

62
Q

strabismus

A

—a disorder caused by weakness in the external eye muscles, resulting in the eyes looking in different directions; also called crossed eyes (26)

63
Q

tinnitus

A

—a ringing in one or both ears that is associated with many forms of hearing loss (26)

64
Q

tympanic membrane

A

—eardrum, which separates the outer and middle ears (26)

65
Q

vestibule

A

—middle part of the inner ear; also in the vagina, the space between the lines of attachment of the labia minora (26)

66
Q

vitreous chamber

A

—posterior cavity of the eyeball located behind the lens (26)

67
Q

vitreous humor

A

—thick fluid that fills the posterior cavity of the eyeball (26)

68
Q

blepharitis

A

—drooping of the eyelid (26)

69
Q

accommodation

A

—eye’s ability to adjust its optical powers to maintain a clear image of objects at various distances (26)

Chapter Vocabulary (8 decks)

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