CHAPTER 27 (PART 2)

Question 1

Metabolic cooperation occurs between different prokaryotic species in surface-coating colonies called?

Answer 1

Biofilms

Question 2

A few taxonomic groups are?

Answer 2

Monophyletic

Question 2

The origin of prokaryotes dates back to to how many years ago?

Answer 2

3.5 billion years

Question 2

These gram-negative bacteria include photoautotrophs, chemoautotrophs, and heterotrophs
Some are anaerobic and others aerobic

Answer 2

Protebacteria

Question 3

These bacteria are parasites that live within animal cells

Answer 3

Chlamydias

Question 3

There are currently five subgroups of proteobacteria recognized by molecular systematists, what are these?

Answer 3

Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta, Epsilon

Question 4

These bacteria are helical gram-negative bacteria

Answer 4

Spirochetes

Question 5

These are gram-negative photoautotrophs that generate O2

Plant chloroplasts likely evolved from this by the process of endosymbiosis

are abundant components of freshwater and marine phytoplankton

Answer 5

Cyanobacteria

Question 6

Some archaea live in extreme environments and are called?

Answer 6

Extremophiles

Question 7

Extremophiles live in highly saline environments are called?

Answer 7

Extreme Halophiles

Question 8

Extremophiles that thrive in very hot environments are called?

Answer 8

Extreme Thermophiles

Question 9

are so important that if they were to disappear, the prospects for any other life surviving on Earth would be dim

Answer 9

Prokaryotes

Question 9

Extremophiles that live in swamps and marshes and produce methane as a waste product are called?

Answer 9

Methanogens

Question 9

An organism that Live in sulfur-rich volcanic spring or vents

Answer 9

Sulfolobus

Question 10

Both symbiotic organism benefit in this symbiosis

Answer 10

Mutualism

Question 10

An organism that Have unusual features that improve function in extreme salty environment

Answer 10

Halobacterium

Question 11

in this symbiosis, one organism benefits while neither harming nor helping the other in any significant way

Answer 11

Commensalism

Question 11

is an ecological relationship in which two species live in close contact: a larger host and smaller symbiont

Answer 11

Symbiosis

Question 12

In this symbiosis an organism called a parasite harms but does not kill its host

Answer 12

Parasitism

Question 13

Parasites that cause disease are called?

Answer 13

Pathogens

Question 14

Human intestines are home to about how many bacteria?

Answer 14

500-1000 bacteria

Question 15

are secreted and cause disease even if the prokaryotes that produce them are not present

Answer 15

Exotoxins

Question 16

are released only when bacteria die and their cell walls break down

Answer 16

Endotoxins

Question 17

Can alter genes in other organisms

Answer 17

CRISPR-Cas system

Question 18

Can be used in gene cloning

Answer 18

E. Coli

Question 19

Prokaryotes can also be used in? the use of organisms to remove pollutants from the environment

Answer 19

Bioremediation