Chapter 27 Male reproductive system Flashcards
Name 4 basic parts of the reproductive system
Gonads
Reproductive tract
Accessory gland
Perineal structure
Name the parts of the male reproductive system
Gonads
Reproductive tract
Accessory glands
External genitalia
The prostate is superior to the urogenital diaphragm T/F
T
What does the urogenital separate
- landmark that separates the external genitalia and internal genitalia
- a series of muscle that forms a large sheet/barrier between the pelvic organs and outside environment
List the abdominal structures that migrate down into the scrotum
1 Testis
2 epididymis
3 ductus deferens/vas deferens
4 testicular artery and vein
The abdominal structures are bound in what
Bound up in the spermatic cord
What are the tissue layer that reduces friction
Tunica vaginales
Parietal layer
Scrotal cavity
Cremaster muscle = ____________muscle. Dartos muscle = ____________ muscle
Skeletal muscle (mostly voluntary) Smooth muscle (mostly involuntary)
What is the papiniform plexus
Network of small veins that wraps around the testicular artery to create a heat exchange.
THINK RADIATOR
Where does sperm production take place
Seminiferous tubules
What connects to the seminiferous tubules
Straight tubules
What are the functions of the reproductive system
1 Produce reproductive cells
2 Produce sex hormones that influence structure & function of all other systems
What is the function of the Rete Testis
Re absorbing fluids
Where is the sperm stored
Epididymis
Sperm is non motile until this point
Epididymis
The inside of the epididymis is lined with what
Stereocilia
What is the role of the accessory glands
1 activate sperm motility
2 provide nutrients
3 produce protecting buffers
The head of the sperm is surrounded by what and what does this do
Acrosomal cap
It protect the nucleus and keeps the DNA inside the head.
What is capacitation
Process by which spermatozoa become mature
Emission
The nourishing and transporting of sperm by the reproductive tract from the testes to outside of the body - known as emission
Contraction of smooth muscle inside the reproductive text is controlled by ANS OR PNS
ANS involuntary
What does the seminal gland do
Secretes a fluid that contains a lot of fructose. Gives sperm energy causes beating of the flagella
The sperm is stored in this area for 2 wks
Epididymis
The duct of the seminal gland + the tube of ductus deferens meet to form what
The Ejaculatory duct
What gives the semen its milky white feature
Prostate
The bulbo urethra gland secretes what
A thick, sticky mucus. It is not added to the semen. It is what occurs before ejaculation
What is the function of the secreted contents of the bulbo urethral gland
It is what occurs before ejaculation and it neutralizes the urethra and also lubricates the tip of the penis
2 tissues that compose the penis tissue
1 corpus spongiosum
2 corpus cavernosum
What structure helps to stiffen or stabilize the penis
Ischiocavernosus
What covers the bulb of the penis
Bulbospongiosus
At the level where the ductus deferens pierces into the bladder is what part of the male reproductive system?
Seminal gland/ seminal vesicles
The ejaculatory duct passes its contents into what structure?
Prostatic urethra
What is the longest part of the male urethra
Spongy urethra
Contraction of which muscle helps push semen through the urethra?
Bulbospongiosus muscle
What supplies and drains blood to the male external genitalia?
Pudendal artery and vein
Which structure supplies innervation to the external genitalia?
Pudendal nerve
What are the erectile tissue of the penis?
Corpus spongiosum
Corpus cavernosum
The corpus cavernosum is located anterior/ posterior or lateral in the penis?
Anterior
The glans of the penis that is an extension of the corpus spongiosum or corpus cavernosum?
Extension of the corpus spongiosum
What forms a ridge at the bottom of the penis?
Corpus spongiosum
What are referred to as the legs of the penis and what is the name of the tissue?
The crus of the penis. It is made up of corpus cavernosum
Erectile tissue forms ___________ channels separated by what type of tissue/tissues?
Vascular channels separated by elastic connective tissue and smooth muscle.
What helps to maintain an erection by preventing blood from leaving the penis
Contraction of the Ischiocavernosus & Bulbospongiosus, which compress veins in the penis and prevent return of blood to the heart
What is the scrotal septum
This structure divides the space in the scrotum into 2 sides
What does the cremaster muscle do
Pulls the testis closer to the body
What does the dartos muscle do
Wrinkles the surface of the scrotum
What happens to the dartos muscle when it is hot?
It relaxes the smooth muscle : and now there will be more surface area for heat release
What happens to the darts muscle when it is cold?
It contracts : wrinkles : less surface area for heat release
The seminiferous tubules connect to what structure? What connects it to this structure?
Connected to the Rete testis.
The straight tubules connect them.
The Rete testis is connected to what structure? What connects it to this structure?
Connected to the epididymis.
The efferent ductules connect them.
What is the purpose of the Stereocilia inside the epididymis.
To increase surface area for greater absorption.
Spermatogenesis produces how many gametes.
4 haploid gametes.
What are the parts of the spermatozoa?
Head - containing the nucleus
Neck - containing mitochondrial spirals and micro tubules
Tail - contains flagellum
The spermatozoa is the only cell in the human body with a flagellum. T/F
True
He contents of what structure gives semen its milky white feature?
What is the purpose of this milky white content?
The prostate
The purpose is to act as a buffer that is added to combat the acidity in the male urethra and female vagina
The spongy urethra is a tube that passes through the corpus cavernosum. T/F
True
