Chapter 27 Flashcards
What is weathering?
Weathering is the process that involves the physical or chemical breakdown of materials on Earth’s surface.
What is erosion ?
Erosion is the removal of surface material through the process of weathering.
What is sediment transport ?
Sediment transport is when water, ice, wind, and gravity move eroded materials from one place to another
What is deposition?
When the erosional agent slows down (in the case of water, wind, or gravity) or melts (in the case of glaciers), it drops this sediment
What is a drainage basin ?
The land area that gathers water for a major river
What is longshore current?
The movement of water parallel to the shoreline
What is weathering ?
The process of of physical or chemical breakdown of materials at or near Earth’s surface
Do rocks weather at the same rate ?
No
What are the two main factors that determine how fast a rock will weather ?
The nature of the material being weathered and climate
What are the two types of weathering ?
Mechanical and Chemical Weathering
What type of change happens with mechanical weathering ?
Physical Changes
What type of change happens with chemical weathering ?
Chemical Changes
What are the three specific types of mechanical weathering ?
Frost Wedging, Biological Activity, Collisions
What causes frost wedging ?
When water collects in the cracks of a rock and then freezes
What is the cycle called during frost wedging ?
Freeze - Thaw Cycles
What causes biological activity ?
Plant and animal activity
What causes weathering during collision ?
When rocks fall from a cliff or tumble through turbulent rivers
What are the two types of chemical weathering caused by ?
Oxygen and Water
What is the chemical process called that is caused by oxygen ?
Oxidization
What is the chemical process called that is caused by water ?
Hydrolysis
What is parent material ?
The material from which soil forms
What are soil horizons ?
The different layers of soil
How many soil horizons are there ?
Six
True or False. All soils contain every soil horizon ?
False