Chapter 26 Flashcards
A naturally occurring inorganic solid with a crystalline form
Mineral
The color of a mineral in powdered form
Streak
When a mineral breaks along preferred planes of weakness creating sets of smooth parallel side
Cleavage
Minerals that break with irregular surfaces
Fracture
The physical property that measures a mineral’s resistance to scratching
Hardness
Molten rock material inside the Earth
Magma
A mineral is ?
A naturally occurring inorganic solid with a crystalline form
What are the two most abundant elements that make up Earth’s crust ?
Oxygen and Silicone
What does inorganic mean ?
That an object is not living
What does the arrangement of an atom and the bonds between them reflect about a mineral ?
The way a mineral breaks, how hard it is, and what type of of crystal shape it has
What are all of the ways to identify minerals ?
Luster, Streak, Cleavage, Fracture, Hardness, Atomic Arrangement, and Crystal Shape
What are the two types of luster ?
Metallic and Nonmetallic
How does metallic luster reflect light ?
The same way as a metal surface will
How does nonmetallic luster reflect light ?
They shine like glass or appear earthy or waxy
How do you perform a streak test ?
By rubbing a material on an unglazed, white porcelain tile
What are the two types of breakage that can happen to minerals ?
Cleavage and Fracture
What is the name of the scale to measure the hardness of a mineral ?
Mohs Scale
What is the number range on the Mohs Scale of Hardness ?
1 - 10
How many different crystal shape systems are there ?
Six
Minerals grow from the _______.
What are the three ways minerals can form ?
Hot Water, Molten Rock, Evaporation
What are the two mineral groups ?
Silicates and Non silicates
Which mineral group is the most abundant in Earth’s crust ?
Silicates
What elements are Silicates made up of ?