chapter 27 Flashcards
process that involves the physical or chemical breakdown of materials on earths surface
weathering
mixture of weathered rock,organic matter, water,and air that is capable of supporting plant life
soil
removal of surface material through the process of weathering
erosion
rocks weather ersional agents like water, ice, wind,and gravity move eroded materials from one place to another in a process
sediment transport
the erosional agent slows down it drops this sediment load in a process
deposition
land area that gathers water for a major river is called a rivers
drainage basin
movement of water parallel to the shoreline
longshore current
do rocks weather at the same rate?
no
what are the two main factors that determine how fast a rock will weather?
rock type and landscape
what are the two main factors that determine how fast a rock will weather?
mechanical or chemical
What are the two types of weathering?
mechanical and chemical
physical changes and chemical changes
what type of change happens with mechanical weathering?
physical changes
what type of change happens with chemical weathering?
chemical changes
what are the 3 specific types of mechanical weathering?
frost wedging
biological activity
collisions
what causes frost wedging?
when water collects in the cracks of the rocks and freezes
what is the cycle called during frost wedging?
freeze - Thaw Cycles
what causes biological activity?
plants and animals
what causes weathering during collision?
rocks slide and hit other rocks and tumble through turbulents rivers
what are the two types of chemical weathering caused by?
oxygen and water
what is the chemical process called that is caused by oxygen?
oxidation
what is the chemical process called that is caused by water?
hydrolysis
what is parent material?
is a material from which soil forms
what are soil horizons?
different layers of soil
how many soil horizons are there?
6
true or false all soils can contain every soil horizan?
false depending on your climate
what are the specific soil horizons ?
o a b c e r
what does the first soil horizon contain?
organic material
what is the second horizon contain?
minerals
which layer does leaching occur?
horizon e
which horizon collects materials from previous horizons?
horizon B
which layer is partially wearthered bedrock?
horizon c
which layer is unwearthered bedrock?
r
which soil horizons make up the topsoil?
o and a
which soil horizons makeup the subsoil?
which soil horizons make up the true soil?
