chapter 27

Question 1

process that involves the physical or chemical breakdown of materials on earths surface

Answer 1

weathering

Question 2

mixture of weathered rock,organic matter, water,and air that is capable of supporting plant life

Answer 2

soil

Question 3

removal of surface material through the process of weathering

Answer 3

erosion

Question 4

rocks weather ersional agents like water, ice, wind,and gravity move eroded materials from one place to another in a process

Answer 4

sediment transport

Question 5

the erosional agent slows down it drops this sediment load in a process

Answer 5

deposition

Question 6

land area that gathers water for a major river is called a rivers

Answer 6

drainage basin

Question 7

movement of water parallel to the shoreline

Answer 7

longshore current

Question 8

do rocks weather at the same rate?

Answer 8

no

Question 9

what are the two main factors that determine how fast a rock will weather?

Answer 9

rock type and landscape

Question 10

what are the two main factors that determine how fast a rock will weather?

Answer 10

mechanical or chemical

Question 11

What are the two types of weathering?

Answer 11

mechanical and chemical

physical changes and chemical changes

Question 12

what type of change happens with mechanical weathering?

Answer 12

physical changes

Question 13

what type of change happens with chemical weathering?

Answer 13

chemical changes

Question 14

what are the 3 specific types of mechanical weathering?

Answer 14

frost wedging
biological activity
collisions

Question 15

what causes frost wedging?

Answer 15

when water collects in the cracks of the rocks and freezes

Question 16

what is the cycle called during frost wedging?

Answer 16

freeze - Thaw Cycles

Question 17

what causes biological activity?

Answer 17

plants and animals

Question 18

what causes weathering during collision?

Answer 18

rocks slide and hit other rocks and tumble through turbulents rivers

Question 19

what are the two types of chemical weathering caused by?

Answer 19

oxygen and water

Question 20

what is the chemical process called that is caused by oxygen?

Answer 20

oxidation

Question 21

what is the chemical process called that is caused by water?

Answer 21

hydrolysis

Question 22

what is parent material?

Answer 22

is a material from which soil forms

Question 23

what are soil horizons?

Answer 23

different layers of soil

Question 24

how many soil horizons are there?

Answer 24

6

Question 25

true or false all soils can contain every soil horizan?

Answer 25

false depending on your climate

Question 26

what are the specific soil horizons ?

Answer 26

``` o a b c e r ```

Question 27

what does the first soil horizon contain?

Answer 27

organic material

Question 28

what is the second horizon contain?

Answer 28

minerals

Question 29

which layer does leaching occur?

Answer 29

horizon e

Question 30

which horizon collects materials from previous horizons?

Answer 30

horizon B

Question 31

which layer is partially wearthered bedrock?

Answer 31

horizon c

Question 32

which layer is unwearthered bedrock?

Answer 32

r

Question 33

which soil horizons make up the topsoil?

Answer 33

o and a

Question 34

which soil horizons makeup the subsoil?

Question 35

which soil horizons make up the true soil?