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physical science > chapter 25 > Flashcards

chapter 25 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

System of mountain ranges on the seafloor separated by valleys

A

mid-ocean ridge

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2
Q

forms in between peaks along the mid ocean ridge

A

rift valley

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3
Q

where two plates collide

A

convergent plate boundary

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4
Q

a thick and buoyant continental plate meets a thin and dense oceanic plate the denser plate dives beneath the continent in a process

A

subduction

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5
Q

divergent plate boundary boundary between two plates that are moving apart

A

divergent plate boundary

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6
Q

type boundary where plates slide horizontally past each other in opposite directions

A

transform plate boundary

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7
Q

sudden movement or vibration of the ground that occurs when rocks slip and slide

A

earthquake

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8
Q

a crack in earths crust along which rock has moved

A

fault

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9
Q

release of strain energy as rock moves along a fault

A

elastic

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10
Q

point of origin for an earthquake

A

focus

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11
Q

point earths surface directly above focus

A

epicenter

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12
Q

Who came up with the continental drift hypothesis?

A

Alfred Wegener

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13
Q

What where some pieces of evidence that supported his hypothesis?

A

Large land animal fossils
coast lines matched up
mountain ranges matched up;and the same rock composition

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14
Q

What was the name of the super continent?

A

Pangaea

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15
Q

Who came up with the seafloor spreading hypothesis?

A

Harry Hess

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16
Q

What did he use to help him create a map of the seafloor?

A

Sonor

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17
Q

Who discovered the mid-ocean ridge?

A

Harry Hess

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18
Q

Where will you find younger rock?

A

closer to the MOR or near the MOR

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19
Q

What are the three types of plate boundaries?

A

Divergent boundary
Convergent boundary
Transform boundary

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20
Q

Subduction only happens with which type of plate boundaries?

A

convergent

21
Q

tending move toward one point or approach each other

A

convergent

22
Q

What are the two types of crust involved in plate movement?

A

Oceanic crust

Continental crust

23
Q

what land forms can for when oceanic crust and continental crust convert?

A

volcanoes and deep sea trench

24
Q

What land forms can be formed when to oceanic crust collide?

A

Hot Spots = They create islands also create deep sea trench

25
Q

What land form is created when two continental collide or converge?

A

Mountains

26
Q

what type of crust must be present for volcanoes active to occur?

A

oceanic crust

27
Q

How do divergent plates boundaries move?

A

They come apart they divide

28
Q

What are two examples of divergent plate boundaries?

A

mid ocean ridge
MOR (made up oceanic crust)
The East African Rift (made up of two continental crust)

29
Q

How do transform plates boundaries move?

A

they slide by each other

30
Q

What is an specific example of a transform plate boundary?

A

San Andreas fault ( two continental crusts)

31
Q

nj

A
32
Q

how do convention currents work?

A
  1. magma heats up,becomes less dense then rises

2. magma cools becomes more dense and goes down

33
Q

What are the other forces that cause plate movement or helps with plate movement?

A

Slab pull
Ridge push
Friction

34
Q

What are two types of boundaries shallow earthquakes?

A

Divergent and Transform

35
Q

Which type of plate boundaries have deep earthquakes?

A

Convergent

36
Q

What are the type of stresses can be applied on rocks?

A

compression stress

37
Q

What are the two types of deformation?

A

Elastic Deformation

Plastic Deformation

38
Q

what happens to a rock during elastic deformation?

A

It deforms then returns

39
Q

what happens to a rock during plastic deformation?

A

It stays deformed

40
Q

what are the seismic waves?

A

Primary
Secondary
Surface

41
Q

which type of seismic waves move fastest?

A

primary

42
Q

how do primary waves move?

A
43
Q

what type of materials do do waves move in?

A

solids and liquids

44
Q

how do secoundary waves moves?

A

they are trans verse

45
Q

what type of materials do secondary move?

A

trans verese waves

46
Q

which type of wave is more complex and causes the most damage?

A

surface waves

47
Q

What are the two scales to measure earthquakes ?

A

Richter Scale

Mercalli Scale

48
Q

what does the Richter scale tell us about an earthquake?

A

amount of energy released

physical science (18 decks)

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