chapter 27

Question 1

The process that involves the physical or chemical breakdown of materials on earths surface.

Answer 1

Weathering

Question 2

A mixture of weathered rock, organic matter, water and air that is capable of supporting plant life.

Answer 2

Soil

Question 3

The removal of surface material through the process of weathering.

Answer 3

Erosion

Question 4

As Rocks weather, erosional agents like water, wind, and gravity move eroded materials from one place to another.

Answer 4

Sediment transport

Question 5

When a erosional agent slows down or melts it drops this sediment load.

Answer 5

Deposition

Question 6

A land area that gathers water from a major river.

Answer 6

Drainage basin

Question 7

The movement of water parallel to the shoreline

Answer 7

longshore current

Question 8

What is weathering?

Answer 8

The breakdown of materials on earths surface.

Question 9

Do rocks weather at the same rate?

Answer 9

No

Question 10

What are the two main factors that determine how fast a rock will weather?

Answer 10

The rock type and landscape there located at.

Question 11

What are the two types of weathering?

Answer 11

Mechanical and Chemical weathering.

Question 12

What type of change happens with chemical weathering?

Answer 12

Physical changes.

Question 13

What are the 3 specific types of mechanical weathering?

Answer 13

Frost wedging, biological activity, and colisions.

Question 14

What causes frost wedging?

Answer 14

When water gets collected in cracks of rocks and freezes.

Question 15

What is the cycle called during frost wedging?

Answer 15

Freeze thaw cycle.

Question 16

what causes biological activity?

Answer 16

Living things/plants and animals.

Question 17

What causes weathering during collisions?

Answer 17

Rock falls, or flowing/rapid river streams.

Question 18

What are two things that cause mechanical weathering?

Answer 18

Oxygen and Water.

Question 19

What is a chemical reaction caused by oxygen.

Answer 19

it is oxidation.

Question 20

chemical change caused by water?

Answer 20

Hydrolysis.

Question 21

What is soil?

Answer 21

A mixture of weathered rock, organic matter, and air that is capable of supporting life.

Question 22

What is parent material?

Answer 22

A material from which soil forms.

Question 23

What are soil horizons?

Answer 23

The different layers of soil.

Question 24

How many soil horizons are there?

Answer 24

6

Question 25

True or false. All soils contain every soil horizon.

Answer 25

false

Question 26

What are the specific soil horizons?

Answer 26

Q A E B C R

Question 27

What does the first soil horizon contain?

Answer 27

organic material

Question 28

What is the second horizon mostly made up of?

Answer 28

minerals

Question 29

Which layer does leaching occur?

Answer 29

finer sediment, lets more soluble materials, go deeper known as leaching.

Question 30

Which horizon collects materials from previous horizons?

Answer 30

E

Question 31

Which layer is partially layered bedrock?

Answer 31

C

Question 32

Which layer is unweathered bedrock?

Answer 32

R

Question 33

Which soil horizons make up the subsoil?

Answer 33

E and B

Question 34

Which soil horizons make up the topsoil?

Answer 34

Q and A